两种亚菊属植物挥发油及其主要成分对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的触杀活性

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.07.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究植物挥发油对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的防治效果，本研究用丝裂亚菊和光苞亚菊挥发油及其主要组分对该线虫进行触杀毒杀活性的测试。采用药物浸泡法，将提取的两种植物挥发油及其主要的共有组分桉叶油醇和马鞭草烯醇作用于马铃薯腐烂茎线虫，测试致死中浓度，进而将桉叶油醇和马鞭草烯醇按不同比例进行复配混合，测试两者复配后的杀线虫活性，结果显示：处理24 h后，丝裂亚菊和光苞亚菊的挥发油均对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫有一定的触杀毒杀活性，致死中浓度（LC_{50/24 h}）分别为1.50 mg/mL和1.23 mg/mL；处理48 h后，丝裂亚菊和光苞亚菊的挥发油对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的致死中浓度（LC_{50/48 h}）分别为1.06 mg/mL和0.70 mg/mL，较处理24 h后杀虫作用更显著。处理24 h后，桉叶油醇（LC₅₀＝0.49 mg/ml）与马鞭草烯醇（LC₅₀＝1.09 mg/mL）的杀线虫活性强于两种亚菊属植物挥发油；桉叶油醇和马鞭草烯醇以2：6、4：4和3：5的体积比混配后，其LC₅₀（0.18、0.17和0.20 mg/mL）都明显比两种化合物单独处理时要低，说明这两种化合物在挥发油中发挥了协同杀线虫的作用，且效果明显。本研究可为亚菊属植物挥发油及其主要组分绿色防控马铃薯腐烂茎线虫奠定基础。

关键词: 丝裂亚菊, 光苞亚菊, 桉叶油醇, 马鞭草烯醇, 马铃薯腐烂茎线虫, 当归

Abstract: The control effect of the essential oils extracted from Ajania against Ditylenchus destructor was investigated through testing the nematocidal activity of the essential oils of A. nematoloba and A. nitida and their main components against D. destructor. The two essential oils, eucalyptus and verbenenol, and their mixture were applied separately by the drug immersion method to D. destructor. Results showed that the essential oils of A. nematoloba and A. nitida had certain insecticidal activity against D. destructor, with LC₅₀ of 1.50 mg/mL and 1.23 mg/mL, respectively, at 24 h post treatment, which were significantly lower than that of the positive control carbofuran. At 48 h post treatment, LC₅₀ of the essential oils were 1.06 mg/mL and 0.70 mg/mL, respectively. At 24 h post treatment, the nematocidal activity of eucalyptus oil (LC₅₀=0.49 mg/mL) and verbenenol (LC₅₀=1.09 mg/mL) were stronger than those of the two essential oils. When eucalyptus and verbenenol were mixed at the volume ratios of 2:6, 4:4 and 3:5, the mixtures showed LC₅₀ values of 0.18, 0.17 and 0.20 mg/mL, respectively, indicating a significant synergistic effect. These results indicate that the essential oils and main components extracted from Ajania are of great potential for the green prevention and control of D. destructor.

Key words: Ajania nematoloba, Ajania nitida, eucalyptus, verbenenol, Ditylenchus destructor, insecticidal angelica

中图分类号:

TQ35
S43.4

解子仪, 逯佩玉, 宁安琪, 刘芯莹, 王俊龙, 张继, 梁俊玉. 两种亚菊属植物挥发油及其主要成分对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的触杀活性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(3): 549-554.

XIE Ziyi, LU Peiyu, NING Anqi, LIU Xinying, WANG Junlong, ZHANG Ji, LIANG Junyu. Contact Toxicity of Two Essential Oils Extracted from Ajania against Ditylenchus destructor[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(3): 549-554.

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