马铃薯晚疫病菌拮抗粘细菌YR-35的分离鉴定及其代谢产物稳定性

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2016.03.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从乌拉山镇的农田土壤中分离获得致病疫霉的高效拮抗菌株YR-35,通过形态特征、生理生化特征以及16SrDNA序列分析将其鉴定为变绿色粘球菌Myxococcus virescens。菌株YR-35对马铃薯晚疫病致病菌菌丝生长抑制率高达96.67%。抗菌活性物质在30~80℃处理1h后菌丝生长抑制率可达21.70%,高于80℃时活性逐渐下降,90℃处理后菌丝生长抑制率仍然可达15.38%。活性物质在pH5.0~9.0条件下菌丝生长抑制率保持在25.27%以上,当pH<5.0或pH>9.0时,抗菌活性显著降低。活性物质不能被蛋白酶降解,不受紫外线、自然光照射的影响。对马铃薯离体叶片的生防效果检测表明,菌株YR-35的发酵无菌液处理组叶片相对病斑面积仅为0.57%,对照组的相对病斑面积高达87.72%。菌株YR-35的发酵无菌液可以有效抑制致病疫霉侵染马铃薯叶片。本研究首次发现变绿色粘球菌对致病疫霉有显著拮抗活性,为研发有效防治马铃薯晚疫病的生物农药奠定了基础。

关键词: 致病疫霉, 拮抗菌株, 分离鉴定, 变绿色粘球菌

Abstract: A strain (YR-35) highly resistant to Phytophthora infestans was isolated from soil samples collected from a farmland of the Ulashan Town and identified as Myxococcus virescens by its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and its 16S rDNA gene sequence. The strain showed significant resistance against the pathogen of potato late blight, P. infestans, and an inhibition rate of 96.67% on the mycelial growth of this species. The antibiotic substances could tolerate high temperature well. Their activity could be maintained from 30 to 80 ℃ (inhibition rate of 21.70%) and decreased when the temperature exceeded 80 ℃. Their activity still remained an inhibition rate of 15.38% after treated at 90 ℃ for 1 h. The active substances were stable from pH 5.0 to 9.0 and maintained an inhibition rate above 25.27%. Their activity significantly decreased when the pH value was less than 5.0 or greater than 9.0. The active substances could not be degraded by protease and their activity was not affected by UV and natural light exposure. The relative lesion area of potato leaves declined from 87.72% to 0.57% when the sterile fermented supernatant of the strain YR-35 was sprayed on the leaves before the spore suspension of P. infestans was inoculated. The fermented supernatant of the strain YR–35 could effectively inhibit P. infestans from infecting potato leaves. Our study found that M. virescens had significant resistance to P. infestans for the first time, which laid a foundation for the research and development of the biological pesticides for controlling potato late blight effectively.

Key words: Phytophthora infestans, antagonistic strain, isolation and identification, Myxococcus virescens

中图分类号:

S476

任兴波, 张子良, 赵璞钰, 武志华, 崔海辰, 刘惠荣. 马铃薯晚疫病菌拮抗粘细菌YR-35的分离鉴定及其代谢产物稳定性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2016, 32(3): 379-387.

REN Xingbo, ZHANG Ziliang, ZHAO Puyu, WU Zhihua, CUI Haichen, LIU Huirong. Isolation and Identification of the Strain YR-35 Resistant to Phytophthora infestans and Its Metabolites[J]. journal1, 2016, 32(3): 379-387.

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