两种扁柏属植物精油对蚊虫的毒杀、驱避活性及化学成分分析

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.03.002

中国生物防治学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 364-369.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.03.002

两种扁柏属植物精油对蚊虫的毒杀、驱避活性及化学成分分析

彭映辉¹, 赵何璐¹, 熊国红², 扶巧梅¹, 刘敏¹, 蒋丽娟¹, 黎继烈¹

1. 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院, 长沙 410004;
2. 国家家用杀虫用品质量监督检验中心, 益阳 413000

收稿日期:2017-10-13 出版日期:2018-06-08 发布日期:2018-06-14
通讯作者: 黎继烈,博士,教授,E-mail:lijilie@163.com
作者简介:彭映辉,博士,教授,E-mail:pengyh999@163.com
基金资助:
湖南省科技重大专项（2016NK1001）

Chimecal Composition, Insecticidal and Repellent Activities of Essential Oils from Two Chamaecyparis Species against Mosquitoes

PENG Yinghui¹, ZHAO Helu¹, XIONG Guohong², FU Qiaomei¹, LIU Min¹, JIANG Lijuan¹, LI Jilie¹

1. College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
2. National Household Insecticide Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Yiyang 413000, China

Received:2017-10-13 Online:2018-06-08 Published:2018-06-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解绒柏Chamaecyparis pisifera精油和日本扁柏Chamaecyparis obtuse精油对蚊虫的生物活性，通过浸渍法测试了两种植物精油对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus和致倦库蚊Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus 4龄幼虫及蛹的毒杀活性，采用人体局部涂肤法测试其对白纹伊蚊成蚊的驱避活性，并利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）定性分析了精油的化学成分。结果表明，绒柏精油和日本扁柏精油对白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫/蛹的24 h LC₅₀分别为47.66/152.33和73.11/205.06 μg/mL，对致倦库蚊4龄幼虫/蛹的24 h LC₅₀分别为31.74/107.61和63.94/131.42 μg/mL。以1.5和2.0 μL/cm²剂量涂抹人体皮肤，绒柏精油、日本扁柏精油驱避白纹伊蚊的完全保护时间分别是3.24 h和0.78 h、5.45 h和1.86 h。经GC-MS分析鉴定出绒柏精油中含α-蒎烯（29.89%）、17-norkaur-15-ene（9.96%）、Δ-3-蒈烯（9.79%）等16种成分，日本扁柏精油含Δ-3-蒈烯（35.33%）、α-蒎烯（25.60%）、β-月桂烯（12.86%）等22种成分。可见，绒柏精油和日本扁柏精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊4龄幼虫及蛹有较强的毒杀活性，而且绒柏精油对白纹伊蚊还有很强的驱避活性，具有研发为环保型蚊虫防控剂的潜力。

关键词: 绒柏, 日本扁柏, 植物精油, 蚊虫, 毒杀活性, 驱避活性

Abstract: The insecticidal potential of the essential oils from Chamaecyparis pisifera and Chamaecyparis obtuse were tested against the 4th instar larvae and pupae of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus using the immersion method. The repellent activity of the essential oils against adults of A. albopictus was assayed by topical application on the skin. The compositions of essential oils were qualitatively analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The 24 h LC₅₀ values of C. pisifera and C. obtuse oil against the 4^th instar larvae/pupae of A. albopictus were 47.66/152.33 and 73.11/205.06 μg/mL, respectively, while for C. p. quinquefasciatus the values were 31.74/107.61 and 63.94/131.42 μg/mL, respectively. The protection period offered by C. pisifera and C. obtuse oil against A. albopictus were 3.24 h and 0.78 h, 5.45 h and 1.86 h at concentration of 1.5, 2.0 μL/cm², respectively. A total of 16 compounds were identified from C. pisifera oil, including α-pinene (29.89%), 17-norkaur-15-ene (9.96%), Δ-3-carene (9.79%). And 22 compounds were identified in C. obtuse oil, the main components were Δ-3-carene (35.33%), α-pinene (25.60%), β-myrcene (12.86%). The essential oils of C. pisifera and C. obtuse showed high larvicidal and pupicidal activity against the 4^th instar larvae and pupae of A. albopictus and C. p. quinquefasciatus, and C. pisifera oil also had excellent repellent activity against A. albopictus. The results suggest that C. pisifera oil and C. obtuse oil could be exploited as potential eco-friendly mosquito control agents.

Key words: Chamaecyparis pisifera, Chamaecyparis obtuse, essential oil, mosquitoes, insecticidal activity, repellent activity

中图分类号:

S482.3

彭映辉, 赵何璐, 熊国红, 扶巧梅, 刘敏, 蒋丽娟, 黎继烈. 两种扁柏属植物精油对蚊虫的毒杀、驱避活性及化学成分分析[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2018, 34(3): 364-369.

PENG Yinghui, ZHAO Helu, XIONG Guohong, FU Qiaomei, LIU Min, JIANG Lijuan, LI Jilie. Chimecal Composition, Insecticidal and Repellent Activities of Essential Oils from Two Chamaecyparis Species against Mosquitoes[J]. journal1, 2018, 34(3): 364-369.

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两种扁柏属植物精油对蚊虫的毒杀、驱避活性及化学成分分析

Chimecal Composition, Insecticidal and Repellent Activities of Essential Oils from Two Chamaecyparis Species against Mosquitoes

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