黄瓜枯萎病菌菌丝际细菌种群丰度变化及其影响黄瓜生长的原因初探

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.05.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 菌丝际细菌存在于真菌与土壤发生强烈反应的狭小区域。连作导致黄瓜枯萎病菌尖孢镰孢菌Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum（Foc）菌丝际细菌种群组成发生变化。本研究根据非连作土（MC）、连作土（SC）中Foc菌丝际细菌类群根瘤菌Rhizobium sp.、无色杆菌Achromobacter sp.、申氏杆菌Shinella sp.和寡养单胞菌Stenotrophomonas sp.在种群中的丰度，设计了相应的含有不同比例细菌的组合HB-1（33：8：7：6）和HB-2（41：12：2：1）。采用平板生测法测定了这4个属的菌丝际细菌代表菌株76、77、252和29的比例变化对黄瓜生长的影响结果表明，用非连作土细菌组合HB-1处理的黄瓜幼苗高于连作土细菌组合HB-2处理。采用"V"字型平板共培养法测定菌株间是否存在互作，并在96孔板中测定了菌丝际细菌培养滤液对其他菌株及自身生长的影响结果表明，4个细菌之间存在互作，菌株76的培养滤液明显促进菌株77的生长，菌株77代谢物抑制其自身生长。在96孔板中测定了4个细菌对黄瓜根分泌物合成培养液中不同碳源的利用能力结果表明，菌株76对各种碳源利用能力最强，菌株252在葡萄糖为主要碳源的根分泌物中生长最好；HB-1组合和HB-2组合在5种不同碳源根分泌物中都能较好生长。对4个菌株产IAA能力的测定结果表明：菌株76的IAA产量较高且持久，最高可达19.4 mg/L，菌株252的IAA产量在60 h达到峰值，最高可达22.1 mg/L；组合HB-1产生IAA能力始终高于组合HB-2。上述结果表明，菌株互作和对黄瓜根分泌物的利用能力是黄瓜枯萎病菌菌丝际细菌种群变化的重要影响因素；菌丝际细菌比例变化影响黄瓜生长，菌株互作产生IAA能力是影响黄瓜生长的重要因子。该研究为维护连作条件下黄瓜健康生长提供了新的线索。

关键词: 菌丝际细菌, 黄瓜生长, 碳源利用, 互作

Abstract: Hyphae-associated bacteria exist in a narrow area where fungi react strongly with soil. Continuous cropping of cucumber resulted in the community change of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc) associated bacteria. In this study, different bacterial mixtures of HB-1(33:8:7:6)and HB-2(41:12:2:1)were designed according to the abundance of Rhizobium sp., Achromobacter sp., Shinella sp., Stenotrophomonas sp. in hyphosphere of Foc baiting from the corresponding treatments of un-monoculture and monoculture soil. The effects of the proportion changes of the representative hyphae-associated bacterial strains 76, 77, 252 and 29 on cucumber growth were assessed by plate-incubating bioassay, the result showed that the cucumber seedlings in treatment HB-1 was higher than that in treatment HB-2. The interactions between strains were determined by "V" pair-culturing of bacterial suspension on root exudate plates, and the effects of the hyphae-associated bacterial culture filtrate on the growth of itself and other strains were determined in 96-well plates. Interaction was observed among the four bacteria. The culture filtrate of strain 76 significantly promoted the growth of strain 77, and the secondary metabolite of strain 77 inhibited its own growth. The abilities of four bacteria to utilize different carbon sources of synthetic cucumber root exudates were measured in 96-well plates. The results showed that strain 76 utilized different carbon sources bes-U, and strain 252 grew best in the root exudate medium containing glucose as main carbon source. Bacterial mixtures of HB-1 and HB-2 grew well in five kinds of root exudates with different carbon. The determination of IAA production of the four strains showed that strain 76 had the highest capability to produce IAA persistently, up to 19.4 mg/L, followed by strain 252 with a highest IAA yield of 22.1 mg/L at 60 h. The IAA produced by mixture HB-1 is higher than that by mixture HB-2. In a conclusion, the interaction among bacteria and the utilization ability of cucumber root exudates resulted in the community change of hyphae-associated bacteria, and IAA production is an important factor to influence cucumber growth. This study provides new clues for keeping plants healthy.

Key words: hyphae-associated bacteria, cucumber growth, carbon utilization, interaction

中图分类号:

S476

荆玉玲, 郭荣君, 李世东. 黄瓜枯萎病菌菌丝际细菌种群丰度变化及其影响黄瓜生长的原因初探[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(5): 751-760.

JING Yuling, GUO Rongjun, LI Shidong. Inspection on the Mechanisms of the Proportional Change of Fusarium oxysporum Associated Bacteria and Its Influence on Cucumber Growth[J]. Chinese Journal Of Biological Control, 2020, 36(5): 751-760.

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