关键词: 博州草原, 蝗虫多样性, 草地类, 生态指示种

Abstract: The locust community diversity of seven grassland types in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture was systematically investigated using the 100-sweeping-net and ‘Z’ sampling methods during 2015―2018 to clarify the community structure characteristics and diversity differences of locusts.Sixty five species of grassland locusts were identified,which are from 5 families and 30 genera,and the dominant locusts were Calliptamus barbarus,Oedaleus decorus,Notostaurus albicornis.O. decorus has the widest vertical distribution (257―2382 m),while Locusta migratoria migratoria and Aiolopus thalassinus thalassinus have the narrowest vertical distribution between 187―195 m.Pararcvptera micoptera migratoria and Gomphocerus sibiricussibiricus are mostly found at high altitudes (2000―2200 m),while Oedipoda miniata is mostly found at low altitudes (750―1200 m).The locusts endemic to temperate deserts are Eremippus simplex maculatus,Dericorys annulata and Oedipoda miniata,while the locusts endemic to lowland meadows are L.migratoria migratoria,Epacromius tergestinus tergestinus and A.thalassinus thalassinus.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of locust communities was significantly higher in temperate desert,temperate steppe desert and temperate desert grassland than in lowland meadows;the Pielou evenness index and Simpson dominance index did not differ significantly among the seven grassland types.Locust communities were most similar in temperate desert grasslands and temperate grasslands,with a Jaccard similarity coefficient of 0.56 between them.

Key words: Bozhou grassland, locust diversity, grassland species, eco-indicator