土壤熏蒸与水肥菌/药一体化技术联用防控设施番茄病害

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.04.004

中国生物防治学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 890-895.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.04.004

• 主要经济作物重要及新成灾害绿色综合防控技术专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

土壤熏蒸与水肥菌/药一体化技术联用防控设施番茄病害

杨柳¹, 周清华¹, 王东歧¹, 郭荣君², 付宏阳¹, 张文秀¹, 葛蓓孛², 李世东²

1. 十堰市农业科学院, 十堰 442000;
2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100193

收稿日期:2021-06-26 发布日期:2022-08-11
通讯作者: 郭荣君,副研究员,E-mail:guorj20150620@126.com
作者简介:杨柳,农艺师
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1002000);中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务(CAAS-XTCX 2016015);国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系试验站任务(CARS-24-G-18)

Management of Tomato Diseases by a Combined Technique of Soil Fumigation with Fertigation and Biological Agents in Greenhouse

YANG Liu¹, ZHOU Qinghua¹, WANG Dongqi¹, GUO Rongjun², FU Hongyang¹, ZHANG Wenxiu¹, GE Beibei², LI Shidong²

1. Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, China;
2. Institute of plant protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received:2021-06-26 Published:2022-08-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了减少设施番茄生产中农药化肥的使用,集成了土壤熏蒸及水肥菌/药一体化技术,并在湖北十堰开展了设施番茄病害的综合防控试验示范。试验设置3个处理,分别为CK(不做土壤熏蒸+水肥药常规化管理)、T1(土壤熏蒸+水肥药常规化管理)、T2(土壤熏蒸+水肥药一体化管理)。田间试验结果表明:采用土壤熏蒸可使番茄的根结线虫病降低70.7%~75.0%,灰霉病、早疫病和青枯病的综合发病率降低33.0%~63.7%,产量增加25.0%左右;土壤熏蒸结合水肥菌/药一体化技术可使番茄的根结线虫病降低 82.7%~85.1%,灰霉病、早疫病和青枯病的综合发病率降低70.2%~74.0%,产量增加35.9%~41.0%。相对于常规管理措施,采用水肥菌/药一体化技术可以节约灌溉用水18.8%、节约用肥33.3%、节约用药21.3%。上述结果表明:土壤熏蒸消毒结合使用水肥菌/药一体化产品和技术,可以节水、节肥、节药,显著降低设施番茄各类病害的发生,提高番茄产量,实现节本增效。

关键词: 土壤熏蒸, 水肥药一体化, 番茄病害, 发病率, 产量

Abstract: In order to reduce the amount of pesticides and fertilizers in the control of tomato diseases in greenhouse,the techniques of soil fumigation,fertigation and biocontrol agents were integrated for the demonstration on the management of tomato diseases in greenhouse in Shiyan,Hubei province from 2019 to 2021.Three treatments were designed in this demonstration experiment,namely CK (non-soil fumigation,conventional management on irrigation,fertilization and pesticides),T1(soil fumigation combined with conventional management on irrigation,fertilization and pesticides) and T2(soil fumigation combined with integrated application of fertigation and biocontrol agents).Field experiment showed that soil fumigation could reduce the root knot nematode disease by 70.7%~75.0%,and reduce the total incidence of gray mold,early blight and bacterial wilt by 33.0%~63.7%,and resulted in the yield increase of 25.0%.The integrated application of soil fumigation combined with fertigation and biocontrol agents could improve the disease control efficacy further,demonstrated by diseases reduction of 82.7%~85.1% in suppressing root knot disease,70.2%~74.0% in suppressing total incidence of gray mold,early blight and bacterial wilt diseases,and a yield increase of 35.9%~41.0%.Compared with conventional management strategy,the technique of soil fumigation combined with fertigation and biocontrol agents could save 18.8% of irrigation water,33.3% of fertilizer and 21.3% of pesticides.In a conclusion,the technique of soil fumigation combined with fertigation and biocontrol agents could save water,fertilizer and pesticides,and significantly reduce the occurrence of tomato diseases and increase tomato yield to reach the final destination of saving the input and increasing the output.

Key words: soil fumigation, integrated application technique of fertigation and biological agents, tomato disease, disease incidence, yield

中图分类号:

S476

杨柳, 周清华, 王东歧, 郭荣君, 付宏阳, 张文秀, 葛蓓孛, 李世东. 土壤熏蒸与水肥菌/药一体化技术联用防控设施番茄病害[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(4): 890-895.

YANG Liu, ZHOU Qinghua, WANG Dongqi, GUO Rongjun, FU Hongyang, ZHANG Wenxiu, GE Beibei, LI Shidong. Management of Tomato Diseases by a Combined Technique of Soil Fumigation with Fertigation and Biological Agents in Greenhouse[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(4): 890-895.

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土壤熏蒸与水肥菌/药一体化技术联用防控设施番茄病害

Management of Tomato Diseases by a Combined Technique of Soil Fumigation with Fertigation and Biological Agents in Greenhouse

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