解淀粉芽胞杆菌HN11结合烟渣有机肥对草莓根腐病的生防效应

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在为草莓根腐病提供绿色环保的防治手段。通过室内试验发现解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HN11对多种土传病原菌具有拮抗作用，能破坏草莓根腐病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum菌丝形态并干扰其生理代谢。盆栽试验表明，HN11与烟渣有机肥联用的防效为75.00%，且烟渣有机肥可提高HN11的定殖能力，施用30 d后其在土壤和根际的定殖量仍达10⁴~10⁵ CFU/g。田间试验中，HN11灌根75 L/hm²联用烟渣有机肥6000 kg/hm²对草莓根腐病的防效最佳，为73.85%，同时促进草莓生长。高通量测序分析表明，该联用方式优化了土壤微生物群落结构，增加了芽胞杆菌属Bacillus、假单胞菌属Pseudomonas等相对丰度，降低了子囊菌门Ascomycota相对丰度。综上，HN11结合烟渣有机肥为草莓根腐病的绿色防控提供了有效技术参考。

关键词: 解淀粉芽胞杆菌, 烟渣有机肥, 草莓根腐病, 生物防治, 土壤微生物

Abstract: This study investigates an environmentally friendly approach to control strawberry root rot using biocontrol agents. Laboratory experiments revealed that B. amyloliquefaciens HN11 exhibits antagonistic activity against various soil-borne pathogens, particularly disrupting the mycelial structure of F. oxysporum, the primary pathogen causing strawberry root rot, and interfering with its physiological metabolism. In pot experiments, the combination of HN11 and tobacco waste organic fertilizer achieved a disease control efficacy of 75.00% against strawberry root rot. The organic fertilizer enhanced the colonization ability of HN11, maintaining its population at 10⁴-10⁵ CFU/g in soil and rhizosphere even 30 days after application. Field trials further demonstrated that applying HN11 via root drench at 75 L/h² in conjunction with 6000 kg/hm² of tobacco waste organic fertilizer resulted in the best disease control efficacy of 73.85%, while also promoting strawberry growth. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that this combined application optimized the soil microbial community structure, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial genera such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas, while reducing the relative abundance of Ascomycota. Overall, the integration of HN11 with tobacco waste organic fertilizer offers a promising green strategy for the management of strawberry root rot.

Key words: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, tobacco waste organic fertilizer, strawberry root rot, biological control, soil microorganisms

中图分类号:

S432
S476

刘苗姣, 林素坤, 刘蓉, 张俊辉, 李霖, 易婷, 徐汉虹, 曾令达. 解淀粉芽胞杆菌HN11结合烟渣有机肥对草莓根腐病的生防效应[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(1): 143-155.

LIU Miaojiao, LIN Sukun, LIU Rong, ZHANG Junhui, LI Lin, YI Ting, XU Hanhong, ZENG Lingda. Biocontrol Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HN11 in Combination with Tobacco Waste Organic Fertilizers on Strawberry Root Rot[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(1): 143-155.

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