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抗同翅目昆虫的相关基因及其转基因抗虫植物研究进展

纠敏;刘树生   

  1. 浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所,杭州 310029
  • 收稿日期:2004-12-09 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2004-11-08 发布日期:2004-11-08
  • 通讯作者: 刘树生

Homopteran-resistant Genes and Their Transgenic Insect2resistant Plants

JIU Min;LIU Shu-sheng   

  1. Institute of Applied Entomology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029,China
  • Received:2004-12-09 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2004-11-08 Published:2004-11-08
  • Contact: LIU Shu-sheng

摘要: 植物抗虫基因工程为控制害虫的危害提供了新的途径。目前,对同翅目害虫具抗虫活性的基因有三种来源,(1)植物:如植物凝集素基因、番茄抗线虫基因Mi等;(2)微生物:如异戊烯转移酶抗性基因;(3)动物:如来自一些昆虫的蛋白酶抑制素基因。其中一些基因已被成功地转入植物体内,并且获得的转基因抗虫植物对同翅目害虫的生长、发育、繁殖能力等方面都具有一定的抑制作用,表现出这些抗虫基因在防治这类害虫中的应用潜力。雪花莲凝集素可通过人工饲料或转基因作物进入昆虫体内,并通过营养级传递于天敌,进而对天敌造成直接或间接的影响。

Abstract: The insect-resistance genetic engineering of plants provides a new way of controlling crop pests. Genes that have so far been found resistant to homopteran insects come from three origins : (1) resistance genes from plants such as plant lectins genes and the root-knot nematode resistance gene Mi of tomato ; (2) resistance genes from microorganisms such as the isopentenyl-transferase gene ; and (3) resistance genes from animals such as certain proteinase-inhibitor genes from some insects. Some of these genes have been successfully incorporated into plants. The insect-resistant transgenic plants inhibit development and decrease fecundity of homopteran insects , demonstrating practical potential of these insect-resistant genes in the control of this group of pests. Snowdrop lectin (GNA) delivered via rtificial diet or transgenic plants to the homopteran insects can be transferred through trophic levels , and has direct and indirect effects on natural enemies.