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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 276-283.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.03.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

不同温度下微小花蝽对豌豆蚜和牛角花齿蓟马的捕食作用

崔晓宁1, 席驳鑫2, 彭斌1, 常逢美1, 李宏刚1, 史薛强1, 孟祥书1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/农业农村部饲草种质创新与新品种选育重点实验室, 兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院, 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-27 发布日期:2025-04-19
  • 通讯作者: 崔晓宁
  • 作者简介:崔晓宁, 博士, 副教授, E-mail:cxn213@qq.com;通信作者, 崔晓宁。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32060397);甘肃省教育厅高校教师创新基金项目(2024A-058);甘肃农业大学博士科研启动基金(GAU-KYQD-2018-24);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)

Predatory Functional Response of Orius minutus to Acyrthosiphon pisum and Odontothrips loti at Different Temperatures

CUI Xiaoning1, XI Boxin2, PENG Bin1, CHANG Fengmei1, LI Honggang1, SHI Xueqiang1, MENG Xiangshu1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Forage Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2. College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2024-02-27 Published:2025-04-19

摘要: 豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum和牛角花齿蓟马Odontothrips loti是威胁我国苜蓿生产的重要害虫,微小花蝽是苜蓿上重要的自然天敌。为明确微小花蝽对豌豆蚜和牛角花齿蓟马的生防能力,试验测定了18℃、22℃、26℃、30℃、34℃不同温度条件下微小花蝽5龄若虫对豌豆蚜3龄若蚜和牛角花齿蓟马成虫的捕食作用,在26℃下评价了该天敌对两种猎物的捕食偏好。结果表明,在5个供试温度下,微小花蝽5龄若虫对豌豆蚜3龄若蚜和牛角花齿蓟马成虫的捕食量均随猎物密度增加而逐渐增大,捕食功能反应均符合Holling Ⅱ模型。微小花蝽5龄若虫对豌豆蚜3龄若蚜的捕食强度在22℃时最大,捕食能力(a/Th)为54.85,最大日捕食量(1/Th)为41.84头;微小花蝽5龄若虫对牛角花齿蓟马成虫的捕食强度在30℃时最大,捕食能力(a/Th)为62.86,最大日捕食量(1/Th)为55.25头。相同温度下,微小花蝽对豌豆蚜和牛角花齿蓟马的寻找效应随猎物密度增加而逐渐降低;相同猎物密度下,温度对该天敌捕食两种猎物的寻找效应与其捕食能力呈正相关。26℃下,微小花蝽5龄若虫对豌豆蚜3龄若蚜和牛角花齿蓟马成虫在3个不同猎物密度组合处理下的选择性指数(D)均小于1,说明该天敌对这两种猎物无明显的取食偏好性。表明微小花蝽对豌豆蚜和牛角花齿蓟马具有较好的生防潜能。

关键词: 微小花蝽, 豌豆蚜, 牛角花齿蓟马, 温度, 捕食, 功能反应

Abstract: Pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum and thrip Odontothrips loti are most serious insect pests damaged on alfalfa in China, and Orius minutus is an important natural enemy. To clarify biological control potential of O. minutus, the predations of the 5th instar nymph of O. minutus against the 3rd instar nymph of A. pisum and adult of O. loti were measured at 18 ℃, 22 ℃, 26 ℃, 30 ℃ and 34 ℃, and predation preferences of these two species of prey were evaluated at 26 ℃ . The results showed that the predations of O. minutus to the aphids and thrips increased with the increase of prey densities, and the predation function responses fit to Holling II equation model under different experimental temperatures. Furthermore, the predation capacity (a/Th= 54.85) and daily maximum predation number (1/Th= 41.84) to aphids of O. minutus 3rd instar nymphs was the highest at 22 ℃, while the predation capacity (a/Th= 62.86) and daily maximum predation number (1/Th= 55.25) to thrips was the highest at 30 ℃ . The searching efficiency of O. minutus decreased with the increase of prey densities at the same temperature. Searching efficiency was positively correlated with predation capacity at the same prey density. Additionally, the 5th instar nymph of O. minutus exhibited no significant preference between two species as the predation selectivity index (D) were less than one. So, it is implied that O. minutus had better biological control potential against A. pisum and O. loti on alfalfa.

Key words: Orius minutus, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Odontothrips loti, temperature, predation, functional response

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