Abstract: 736 endophytic bacteria were obtained from the roots, stems and seeds of healthy rice plants in Yangzhou, Nantong, Changzhou and Xuzhou of Jiangsu Province, China. Among the endophytic bacteria, there were many isolates antagonistic against the rice pathogens such as Magnaporthe grisea, Gibberella fujikuroi, Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, with the percentage of 20.7%, 5.4%, 3.1% and 1.1%, respectively, and there were a few of isolates antagonistic to two or three pathogens. The antagonistic bacteria from rice roots and stems were more than from the seeds. After the antagonistic isolates were transferred from tube to tube for 20 times, most of them kept the antagonism stable against M. grisea and G. fujikuroi, but the antagonism to R. solani and X. oryzae pv. oryzae was significantly decreased or lost. Through the tests of morphology, physiology and biochemistry, isolates G87 antagonistic strongly against M. grisea, G. fujikuroi, X. oryzae pv. oryzae, and J215 antagonistic strongly to M. grisea, G. fujikuroi were identified as Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn. All endophytic bacteria were inoculated on rice stems by needle-pricking and on the leaves by scissors-cuting. The results showed that the great majority of the endophytic bacteria were not virulent to rice plants though a few (3.4%-4.8%) had obvious or potential pathogenicity.