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球孢白僵菌BB-T02生物学特性及对两种检疫性粉蚧的侵染活性

  

Biological Characteristics and Infection Activity of Beauveria bassiana BB-T02 against Two Quarantine Mealybugs

摘要:

南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧是近年我国新记录的两种检疫性有害生物,目前分别在福建省的番荔枝果园和多肉植物种植基地发生为害严重。为明确球孢白僵菌BB-T02对这2种检疫性粉蚧的生防潜力,本研究在该菌株生物学特性的基础上,测定该菌株对两种检疫性粉蚧的致病力和胞外酶活性。结果表明,球孢白僵菌BB-T02培养最适的温度为28 ℃、光周期8L:16D、碳源为麦芽糖、氮源为蛋白胨,在此条件下培养10 d菌落直径和产孢量分别可达5.60 cm和4.22×108孢子/cm2。菌株BB-T02侵染南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧10 d后的LC50分别为5.00×105孢子/mL和2.17×105孢子/mL,1.00×108孢子/mL处理的累计致死率分别为85.39%和88.76%、LT50分别为5.78 d和5.19 d。菌株BB-T02蛋白酶活性的变化幅度较大,在第5 d达峰值22.68 U/mL;几丁质酶和脂肪酶活性的变化幅度相对平稳,均在第6 d分别达到峰值13.19 U/mL9.77 U/mL。综上,球孢白僵菌BB−T02生长速度快、产孢量高,对南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧的侵染活性强,可用于这两种检疫性粉蚧的生物防治。

关键词:

球孢白僵菌, 生物学特性, 南洋臀纹粉蚧, 石蒜绵粉蚧, 侵染活性

Abstract:

 Planococcus lilacinus and Phenacoccus solani were two newly recorded quarantine pest inChina. These two pests have been posing a serious damage in sugar apple orchards and succulent plants inFujianprovince. In this study, we assayed the biological characteristics, pathogenicity and extracellular enzyme activity of Beauveria bassiana BB-T02 against P. lilacinus and P. solani, so as to evaluate the biocontrol potential of strain BB-T02 against these two quarantine mealybugs. Results showed that the optimal culture conditions for strain BB-T02 growth and sporulation were 28 ℃, photoperiod 8L:16D, with maltose as carbon source and peptone as nitrogen source. With these conditions, the colony diameter and sporulation of strain BB-T02 were5.60 cmand 4.22×108 conidia/cm2 after ten days cultivation, respectively. Infected P. lilacinus and P. solani ten days, the LC50 values of the strain BB-T02 were 5.00×105 conidia/mL and 2. 17×105 conidia/mL, the lethalities were 85.39% and 88.76%, and the LT50 values were 5.78 d and 5.19 d for the 1×108 conidia/mL treatment, respectively. The change amplitude in protease activity of strain BB-T02 was obvious, with peak values of 22.68 U/mL on fifth day. The change amplitude in activities of chitinase and lipase were relatively stable, with peak values of 13.19 U/mL and 9.77 U/mL on sixth day, respectively. In conclusion, with fast growth, high sporulation, and strong infection activity against P. lilacinus and P. solani, Beauveria bassiana BB-T02 shows an excellent potential in biological control of these two quarantine mealybugs.

Key words:

Beauveria bassiana, biological characteristics, Planococcus lilacinus, Phenacoccus solani, infection activity