探索促进寄生蜂生殖力的蜜源植物共性特征

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.09.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过布局合适的蜜源植物，以提高农田生态系统的害虫防控服务，已成为一种常用的生境管理技术。然而，如何筛选理想的蜜源植物是保护生物防治中迫切需要解决的现实问题。本研究通过室内试验构建蜜源植物对寄生蜂寄生能力影响的数据库，分析了不同蜜源植物的效应值与寄生蜂和蜜源植物关键生态特征的相关性。结果表明，花序类型是筛选蜜源植物的最重要特征，其中复伞形花序植物的花对寄生蜂寄生能力的促进作用最显著，而花单生、头状花序和穗状花序植物的对寄生蜂寄生能力的促进作用不明显。赤眼蜂等微小型寄生蜂的生殖潜力的高低对其取食蜜源植物后的寄生能力影响不显著。寄生蜂的寄主类型、种群类型等不会影响蜜源植物对赤眼蜂的寄生能力。

关键词: 寄生能力, 蜜源植物, 效应值, 相关性, 保护生物防治

Abstract: Nectar-rich flowering plants in field margins can increase the fitness of natural enemies of crop pests. Providing suitable flowering plants in agro-system is one of the most common habitat management techniques that can promote conservation biological control of ecosystem services. However, selecting the ideal nectar-providing plant to enhance natural enemies becomes a practical problem that is to be urgently solved in conservation biological control. A series of tests were conducted to measure the fecundity of different parasitoids with 25 plant species under laboratory conditions. The results showed that flowering generally increased fecundity of parasitoids, but there were exceptions. The trait that was significantly related to the fecundity of parasitoids across observations was the plant inflorescence type. Compound umbel inflorescence was indicator of parasitoid fecundity, while the capitulum, solitary and spike inflorescence was not. Nectar plants have little influence on parasitism of tiny wasps such as Trichogramma. The hosts or geographical origin of parasitoids showed no significant influence on parasitism of Trichogramma wasps when they feed on flowering plants.

Key words: fecundity, nectariferous plants, effect size, relevance, conservation biological control

中图分类号:

S476.3

朱平阳, 高慧颖, 张发成, 陈桂华, 徐红星, GURR Geoff, 吕仲贤. 探索促进寄生蜂生殖力的蜜源植物共性特征[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(5): 892-903.

ZHU Pingyang, GAO Huiying, ZHANG Facheng, CHEN Guihua, XU Hongxing, GURR Geoff, Lü Zhongxian. Exploring the Shared Ecological Traits of Nectary Plants for Promoting Parasitism of Parasitoids[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(5): 892-903.

参考文献

[1] Potts S G, Biesmeijer J C, Kremen C, et al. Global pollinator declines:trends, impacts and drivers[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2010, 25:345-353.
[2] Matson P A, Parton W J, Power A G, et al. Agricultural intensification and ecosystem properties[J]. Science, 1997, 277:504-509.
[3] Bommarco R, Kleijn D, Potts S. Ecological intensification:harnessing ecosystem services for food security[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2013, 28:230-238.
[4] Pretty J, Bharucha Z P. Sustainable intensification in agricultural systems[J]. Annals of Botany, 2014, 114:1571.
[5] Losey J E, Vaughan M. The economic value of ecological services provided by insects[J]. BioScience, 2006, 56:311-323.
[6] Gurr G M, Wratten S D, Landis D A, et al. Habitat management to suppress pest populations:progress and prospects[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2017, 62:91-109.
[7] Lu Z X, Zhu P Y, Gurr G M, et al. Mechanisms for flowering plants to benefit arthropod natural enemies of insect pests:Prospects for enhanced use in agriculture[J]. Insect Science, 2014, 21:1-12.
[8] Heimpel G E. Linking parasitoid nectar feeding and dispersal in conservation biological control[J]. Biological Control, 2019, 132:36-41.
[9] Zemenick A T, Kula R R, Russo L, et al. A network approach reveals parasitoid wasps to be generalized nectar foragers[J]. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 2019, 13:239-251.
[10] Bartual A M, Sutter L, Bocci G, et al. The potential of different semi-natural habitats to sustain pollinators and natural enemies in European agricultural landscapes[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2019, 279:43-52.
[11] Russell M. A meta-analysis of physiological and behavioral responses of parasitoid wasps to flowers of individual plant species[J]. Biological Control, 2015, 82:96-103.
[12] Van Rijn P C J, Wäckers F L. Nectar accessibility determines fitness, flower choice and abundance of hoverflies that provide natural pest control[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 53:925-933.
[13] Winkler K, Wäckers F, Bukovinszkine-Kiss G, et al. Sugar resources are vital for Diadegma semiclausum fecundity under field conditions[J]. Basic and Applied Ecology, 2006, 7:133-140.
[14] Zhu P Y, Zheng X S, Xie G, et al. Relevance of the ecological traits of parasitoid wasps and nectariferous plants for conservation biological control:a hybrid meta-analysis[J]. Pest Management Science, 2020, 76:1881-1892.
[15] Koricheva J, Gurevitch J, Mengersen K. Handbook of meta-analysis in ecology and evolution[M]. Princeton:Princeton University Press, 2013.
[16] Viechtbauer W. Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the meta for package[J]. Journal of Statistical Software, 2010, 36:1-48.
[17] R Core Team. A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing[M]. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2015. Available at:[URL] https://www.R-project.org/.
[18] Araj S E, Shields M W, Wratten S D. Weed floral resources and commonly used insectary plants to increase the efficacy of a whitefly parasitoid[J]. BioControl, 2019, 64:553-561.
[19] Hatt S, Osawa N. The role of Perilla frutescens flowers on fitness traits of the ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis[J]. BioControl, 2019, 64:381-390.
[20] Hatt S, Uyttenbroeck R, Lopes T, et al. Effect of flower traits and hosts on the abundance of parasitoids in perennial multiple species wildflower strips sown within oilseed rape (Brassica napus) crops[J]. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 2018, 12:787-797.
[21] Gurr G M, Lu Z X, Zheng X S, et al. Multi-country evidence that crop diversification promotes ecological intensification of agriculture[J]. Nature Plants, 2016, 2(3):16014.
[22] Jaworski C C, Xiao D, Xu Q, et al. Varying the spatial arrangement of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles and companion plants to improve conservation biological control[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 56:1176-1188.
[23] Shields M W, Johnson A C, Pandey S, et al. History, current situation and challenges for conservation biological control[J]. Biological Control, 2019, 131:25-35.
[24] Jervis M A, Kidd N A C, Fitton M G, et al. Flower-visiting by Hymenopteran parasitoids[J]. Journal of Natural History, 1993, 27:67-105.
[25] Wäckers F L, van Rijn P C J. Pick and mix:Selecting flowering plants to meet the requirements of target biological control insects[M]//Gurr G M, Wratten, S D, Snyder W E, eds. Biodiversity and Insect Pests:Key Issues for Sustainable Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012, 139-165.
[26] Benelli G, Giunti G, Tena A, et al. The impact of adult diet on parasitoid reproductive performance[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2017, 90:807-823.
[27] Heimpel G E, Jervis M A. Does floral nectar improve biological control by parasitoids[M]//Wäckers F L, Van Rijn P C J, Bruin J, eds. Plant-Provided Food for Carnivorous Insects:A Protective Mutualism and Its Applications. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2005, 267-304.
[28] Arnó J, Oveja M F, Gabarra R. Selection of flowering plants to enhance the biological control of Tuta absoluta using parasitoids[J]. Biological Control, 2018, 122:41-50.
[29] Barloggio G, Tamm L, Nagel P, et al. Selective flowers to attract and enhance Telenomus laeviceps (Hymenoptera:Scelionidae):A released biocontrol agent of Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)[J]. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2019, 109:160-168.
[30] Buchanan A, Grieshop M, Szendrei Z. Assessing annual and perennial flowering plants for biological control in asparagus[J]. Biological Control, 2018, 127:1-8.
[31] Cahenzli F, Sigsgaard L, Daniel C, et al. Perennial flower strips for pest control in organic apple orchards-A pan-European study[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2019, 278:43-53.
[32] Hatt S, Mouchon P, Lopes T, et al. Effects of wildflower strips and an adjacent forest on aphids and their natural enemies in a pea field[J]. Insects, 2017, 8:e0178648.
[33] Hodgkiss D, Brown M J F, Fountain M T. The effect of within-crop floral resources on pollination, aphid control and fruit quality in commercial strawberry[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2019, 275:112-122.
[34] Jado R H, Araj S E, Abu-Irmaileh B, et al. Floral resources to enhance the potential of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani for biological control of the aphid Myzus persicae[J]. Journal of Applied Entomology, 2019, 143:34-42.
[35] Picciau L, Alma A, Ferracini C. Effect of different feeding sources on lifespan and fecundity in the biocontrol agent Torymus sinensis[J]. Biological Control, 2019, 134:45-52.
[36] Munir S, Dosdall L M, Keddie A. Selective effects of floral food sources and honey on life-history traits of a pest-parasitoid system[J]. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2018, 166:500-507.
[37] Díaz S, Lavorel S, De Bello F, et al. Incorporating plant functional diversity effects in ecosystem service assessments[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007,104:20684-20689.
[38] Kunstler G, Falster D, Coomes D A, et al. Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition[J]. Nature, 2016, 529:204-207.
[39] Lavi R, Sapir Y. Are pollinators the agents of selection for the extreme large size and dark color in Oncocyclus irises[J]. New Phytologist, 2015, 205:369-377.
[40] Menzel R, Shmida A. The ecology of flower colours and the natural colour vision of insect pollinators:the Israeli flora as a study case[J]. Biological Reviews, 2010, 68:81-120.
[41] Perović D J, Landis D A, Wäckers F, et al. Managing biological control services through multi-trophic trait interactions:review and guidelines for implementation at local and landscape scales[J]. Biological Reviews, 2018, 93:306-321.
[42] Fataar S, Kahmen A, Luka H. Innate and learned olfactory attraction to flowering plants by the parasitoid Cotesia rubecula (Marshall, 1885) (Hymenoptera:Braconidae):Potential impacts on conservation biological control[J]. Biological Control, 2019, 132:16-22.
[43] Foti M C, Rostás M, Peri E, et al. Chemical ecology meets conservation biological control:identifying plant volatiles as predictors of floral resource suitability for an egg parasitoid of stink bugs[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2017, 90:299-310.
[44] Irwin R E, Cook D, Richardson L L, et al. Secondary compounds in floral rewards of toxic rangeland plants:impacts on pollinators[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014, 62:7335-7344.
[45] Kehrli P, Bacher S. Differential effects of flower feeding in an insect host-parasitoid system[J]. Basic and Applied Ecology, 2008, 9:709-717.
[46] Wäckers F L, Romeis J, van Rijn P C J. Nectar and pollen feeding by insect herbivores and implications for multitrophic interactions[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2007, 52:301-323.
[47] Goelen T, Baets D, Kos M, et al. Gustatory response and longevity in Aphidius parasitoids and their hyperparasitoid Dendrocerus aphidum[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2018, 91:351-360.
[48] Jonsson M, Wratten S D, Robinson K A, et al. The impact of floral resources and omnivory on a four trophic level food web[J]. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2009, 99:275-285.
[49] Miall J H, Abram P K, Cappuccino N, et al. Effects of floral resources on the efficacy of a primary parasitoid and a facultative hyperparasitoid[J]. Journal of Applied Entomology, 2019, 143(7):776-786.