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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1126-1135.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.09.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

不同大豆-玉米带状种植模式下节肢动物群落结构及特征

崔东阳1, 龚静云2, 梁晶2, 魏雯星1, 周小云2, 雷斌2,3, 马德英1   

  1. 1. 新疆农业大学农学院, 乌鲁木齐 8300521;
    2. 新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/新疆作物化学调控工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830091;
    3. 新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院科技成果转化中心/农药试制中心, 乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-21 发布日期:2026-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 雷斌,博士,研究员,E-mail:leib668@xaas.ac.cn;马德英,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:mdyxnd@163.com。
  • 作者简介:崔东阳,硕士,E-mail:190820060@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”培养计划(2022TSYCLJ0047);新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)(2022E02064);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发(2022B02043-1);新疆维吾尔自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动项目(2022BKZ023,2022BKZ034)

Community Structure and Characteristics of Arthropods under Different Soybean-Maize Strip Intercropping Patterns

CUI Dongyang1, GONG Jingyun2, LIANG Jing2, WEI Wenxing1, ZHOU Xiaoyun2, LEI Bin2,3, MA Deying1   

  1. 1. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
    2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Engineering Research Center for Crop Chemical Regulation, Urumqi 830091, China;
    3. Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center/Pesticide Pilot Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
  • Received:2025-03-21 Published:2026-10-21

摘要: 本研究以新疆伊犁河谷地区试验田为研究基地,通过系统分析大豆-玉米带状复合种植模式对田间节肢动物群落结构及特征的影响,对大豆和玉米带状复合种植模式下害虫生态防治策略提供理论指导。通过五点取样法和捕虫网法相结合,对4种不同种植模式(单作、大豆-玉米-大豆2:2:2、大豆-玉米6:3、玉米-大豆-玉米1:4:1)下的节肢动物群落进行了连续7次的动态监测,利用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势集中性指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Margalef丰富度指数,对试验田内的节肢动物群落的多样性、稳定性及生态功能进行分析。在4种种植模式下共调查到节肢动物2纲13目40科,其中大豆单作田2纲13目29科36种,6:3种植模式中2纲13目32科42种,2:2:2种植模式中2纲13目34科48种,1:4:1种植模式中2纲15目40科53种。本试验表明,3种复合种植模式下,显著提高了节肢动物群落的物种数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数及Pielou均匀度指数,但Simpson优势集中性指数单作模式下较3种带状复合种植模式高。大豆-玉米带状复合种植模式丰富了生态系统的生物多样性,调节了害虫与天敌昆虫的数量关系,增强了生态系统稳定性,减少了害虫对农作物的为害。其中1:4:1模式的捕食性亚群落多样性指数和群落稳定性最好,是大豆-玉米带状复合种植控制大豆害虫的推荐复合种植模式。

关键词: 大豆-玉米带状复合种植, 节肢动物群落, 群落特征, 稳定性

Abstract: This study, conducted in experimental fields located in the Ili River Valley of Xinjiang, systematically investigatedthe effects of soybean-maize strip intercropping patterns on the structure and functional characteristics of arthropod communities. The findings aim to provide scientific insights for agricultural biodiversity cultivation and ecological pest management in soybean fields. Using a combination of five-point sampling and insect net methods, dynamic monitoring was conducted seven times across four planting patterns (monoculture, 2:2:2, 6:3, and 1:4:1). Diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener, Simpson dominance, Pielou evenness, and Margalef richness) were applied to analyze arthropod community diversity, stability, and ecological functions. A total of 2 classes, 13 orders, 40 families of arthropods were identified. Monoculture fields contained 2 classes, 13 orders, 29 families (36 species), while the 6:3, 2:2:2, and 1:4:1 intercropping patterns exhibited 32 families (42 species), 34 families (48 species), and 40 families (53 species), respectively. The three intercropping patterns significantly increased species richness, Margalefrichness, Pielou evenness, and Shannon-Wiener diversity, whereas monoculture showed higher Simpson dominance. Soybean-maize strip intercropping enhances ecosystem biodiversity, regulates pest-predator dynamics, and improves stability, thereby reducing crop damage. The 1:4:1 pattern, with optimal predatory subcommunity diversity and stability, is recommended for pest control in soybean-maize intercropping systems.

Key words: soybean-maize strip intercropping, arthropod community, community characteristics, stability

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