不同花粉对玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生功能反应及生长发育的影响

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 花粉可作为能源物质促进寄生性天敌的寄生能力。为了明确不同种类花粉对玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生功能反应及生长发育的影响，本研究选择4种常见植物的花粉，通过寄生功能反应模型拟合及生长发育观察，旨在明确不同花粉对玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生功能反应及生长发育的调控作用，为玉米螟赤眼蜂的应用及增效植物的选择提供科学依据。玉米螟赤眼蜂在饲喂黄蜀葵、玉米、油菜、山茶花粉条件下对米蛾卵的寄生功能反应拟合模型的线性系数（P₁）分别为-0.040、-0.113、-0.008和-0.094，均为负值，说明其寄生功能反应类型均属于Holling Ⅱ型。饲喂玉米花粉的玉米螟赤眼蜂瞬时攻击率最高，达1.236，其对寄主卵的初始发现能力最强；饲喂油菜花粉的玉米螟赤眼蜂对寄主卵的处理时间最短（0.017 d）。寄生效能以饲喂黄蜀葵花粉的玉米螟赤眼蜂最优，达67.322。饲喂油菜花粉和黄蜀葵花粉的玉米螟赤眼蜂的寄生上限（57.200和55.318）较高，其在这两种花粉充分补给时可寄生更多寄主。取食黄蜀葵和油菜花粉的玉米螟赤眼蜂F₁代未成熟虫期仅7.17 d和8.13 d，蛹的羽化率达89.44%和85.33%，成虫期达12.27 d和10.97 d。综上所述，黄蜀葵和油菜花粉可显著增强玉米螟赤眼蜂对米蛾卵的寄生效能，促进其F₁代的生长发育，田间可选择黄蜀葵和油菜作为增效植物以促进玉米螟赤眼蜂的寄生能力。

关键词: 玉米螟赤眼蜂, 花粉, 寄生功能反应, 生长发育

Abstract: Pollen serves as an energy source enhancing the parasitic capacity of parasitoid natural enemies. The effects of pollens collected from four common plant species on the parasitic capacity and development of Trichogramma ostriniae were determined. By fitting parasitic functional response models and observing developmental parameters, we aimed to clarify the regulatory effects of different pollens on the parasitism and development of T. ostriniae, thereby providing a scientific basis for its application and the selection of supplemental food plants. The linear coefficients (P₁) of the fitted parasitic functional response models of T. ostriniae fed on Abelmoschus manihot, Zea mays, Brassica napus, and Camellia japonica pollen were -0.040, -0.113, -0.008, and -0.094, respectively, indicating that the functional responses conform to Holling II model. T. ostriniae fed on Z. mays pollen exhibited the highest instantaneous attack rate (1.236), indicating the strongest initial host-searching capability. Those fed on B. napus pollen had the shortest handling time per host egg (0.017 days). Parasitism capacity was optimal for wasps fed on A. manihot pollen (67.322). The maximum parasitized hosts for parasitoids fed on B. napus pollen and A. manihot pollen were relatively high (57.200 and 55.318, respectively), indicating their capacity to parasitize more hosts when these pollens are abundantly supplied. The F₁ progeny fed on A. manihot and B. napus pollen exhibited significantly shorter immature developmental periods (7.17 and 8.13 days, respectively), high pupal emergence rates (89.44% and 85.33%, respectively), and extended adult longevity (12.27 and 10.97 days, respectively). In conclusion, A. manihot and B. napus pollens significantly enhance the parasitism capacity of T. ostriniae and promote the development of their progeny. Therefore, A. manihot and B. napus are recommended for field planting as supplemental food plants to augment the parasitic capacity of T. ostriniae.

Key words: Trichogramma ostriniae, pollen, parasitic functional responses, development

中图分类号:

S476.3

羊绍武, 王维, 刘佳妮, 齐颖, 蔡宾彦, 李明玥, 李宜儒, 李丽芳, 高鹏华, 李建津, 余磊. 不同花粉对玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生功能反应及生长发育的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(3): 519-527.

YANG Shaowu, WANG Wei, LIU Jiani, QI Ying, CAI Binyan, LI Mingyue, LI Yiru, LI Lifang, GAO Penghua, LI Jianjin, YU Lei. Effects of Different Pollens on the Parasitic Functional Response and Development of Trichogramma ostriniae[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(3): 519-527.

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