丽蚜小蜂对雪莲果和烟草繁育温室白粉虱的适应性

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 雪莲果和烟草均属于大叶型植物，是繁育温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood的理想寄主植物。为了明确雪莲果作为中间寄主植物大量繁育丽蚜小蜂Encarsia formosa Gahan的可行性，在人工气候室条件下，比较研究了丽蚜小蜂在雪莲果和烟草繁育温室白粉虱上的寄生率、羽化率和发育历期。研究结果表明，丽蚜小蜂对雪莲果和烟草繁育的温室白粉虱3龄若虫寄生率最高，分别为84.2%和80.3%，且对雪莲果繁育的温室白粉虱1和2龄若虫寄生率均显著高于烟草；丽蚜小蜂寄生两种寄主植物繁育的温室白粉虱羽化率除1龄外差异均不显著，其中寄生雪莲果和烟草繁育3龄粉虱若虫的羽化率最高，分别为94.7%和93.8%；丽蚜小蜂寄生雪莲果繁育1～4龄若虫发育历期分别为21.4、15.5、13.7和13.3 d，且寄生雪莲果各龄粉虱若虫发育历期除1龄外均短于烟草。综合来看，与烟草相比，丽蚜小蜂对雪莲果繁育的温室白粉虱表现出更好的适应性，特别是对3龄若虫表现出最好的发育适合度，这为进一步开发利用雪莲果为中间寄主植物大量繁育丽蚜小蜂提供了理论依据。

关键词: 丽蚜小蜂, 雪莲果, 烟草, 温室白粉虱, 大量繁育

Abstract: Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) are two plant species with large leaves and are suitable host plants for Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood. To determine the feasibility of yacon as intermediate host plant for mass rearing Encarsia formosa Gahan, the parasitism, emergence and development of E. formosa on T. vaporariorum nymphs reared by yacon and tobacco were comparatively investigated in the laboratory. The results showed that parasitism of E. formosa was the highest in the 3rd-instar nymphs of T. vaporariorum reared on yacon (84.2%) and tobacco (80.3%). The parasitism rate of the 1^st, 2nd-instar nymphs on yacon by E. formosa were significantly higher than those on tobacco. There was no significantly difference in emergence of E. formosa on all stage nymphs reared by yacon and tobacco with an exception for the 1^st-instar nymph, and E. formosa had the highest emergence on the 3rd-instar nymphs reared on yacon (94.7%) and tobacco (93.8%). The developmental time of E. formosa parasitizing the 1^st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th-instar nymphs on yacon were 21.4, 15.5, 13.7, 13.3 d, respectively; except for 1^st-instar, the developmental time were significantly shorter than those on tobacco. Generally, E. formosa had higher adaptability to T. vaporariorum nymphs reared on yacon than those on tobacco. Particularly, E. formosa exhibited the highest performance on the 3rd-instar nymphs. These results provide a theoretical basis for further utilizing yacon as host plant in mass rearing E. formosa.

Key words: Encarisa formosa, yacon, tobacco, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, mass production

中图分类号:

S476.3

赵悦, 戴鹏, 臧连生, 阮长春. 丽蚜小蜂对雪莲果和烟草繁育温室白粉虱的适应性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2018, 34(2): 198-203.

ZHAO Yue, DAI Peng, ZANG Liansheng, RUAN Changchun. Adaptability of Encarisa formosa to Trialeurodes vaporariorum Reared on Yacon and Tobacco[J]. journal1, 2018, 34(2): 198-203.

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