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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 813-817.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.06.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

温室条件下丽蚜小蜂的扩散行为

赵静1, 李媛媛1, 王蕾3, 张帆2, 曹慧1, 王甦2   

  1. 1. 潍坊学院生物与农业工程学院/山东省生物化学与分子生物学高校重点实验室, 潍坊 261061;
    2. 北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所, 北京 100097;
    3. 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司, 寿光 262700
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-07 出版日期:2018-12-08 发布日期:2018-12-08
  • 通讯作者: 曹慧,博士,教授,E-mail:hui5232@163.com;王甦,博士,副研究员,E-mail:anthocoridae@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵静,博士,副教授,E-mail:zhj6769@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重大科技创新工程(2018CXGC0206);国家重点研发计划(YS2017YFGH000664)

Dispersal Behaviors of Encarsia formosa in the Greenhouse

ZHAO Jing1, LI Yuanyuan1, WANG Lei3, ZHANG Fan2, CAO Hui1, WANG Su2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Biology in University of Shandong/College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China;
    2. Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China;
    3. Shandong Shouguang Vegetable Industry Group Co., Ltd, Shouguang 262700, China
  • Received:2017-08-07 Online:2018-12-08 Published:2018-12-08

摘要: 丽蚜小蜂Encarsia formosa是粉虱类害虫的重要寄生性天敌,目前已广泛应用于设施蔬菜烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci和温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum的防控。本文在温室条件下对丽蚜小蜂的扩散行为进行了研究,并分析了扩散距离、释放时间等因素对其寄生率的影响。结果表明,丽蚜小蜂成虫释放后其扩散行为是渐进的、不连续的,主要在1~4 m范围内扩散,少量个体可扩散至6~8 m。番茄植株高度对丽蚜小蜂寄生率没有明显影响,这说明其释放后可成功地搜索到不同高度植株上的寄主。丽蚜小蜂释放后第2 d,距释放点l和2 m处其寄生率分别为92.5%和85.3%;释放后4 d,距释放点l和2 m处其寄生率分别为53.1%和39.7%。同一释放时间距释放点l和2 m处丽蚜小蜂寄生率没有显著差异,但却显著高于距释放点4、6和8 m处丽蚜小蜂的寄生率。因此,从寄生率也可以看出丽蚜小蜂成虫主要在1~4 m范围内进行扩散。利用丽蚜小蜂的有效扩散距离和寄生率可以确定其在温室的释放数量、释放点之间的距离和释放次数,研究结果对于更好地发挥丽蚜小蜂在生物防治中的控害作用具有重要的应用意义。

关键词: 丽蚜小蜂, 扩散行为, 寄生率, 生物防治

Abstract: The parasitic wasp Encarsia formosa is a commercially available parasitoid used for the control of the whiteflies Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum on a wide range of greenhouse vegetables. In the present study, the dispersal behaviors of E. formosa adults in greenhouse were investigated. The effects of dispersal distance and release time on the parasitic rate were also analyzed. The results showed that the dispersal activity of E. formosa adults advanced gradually and intermittently. The parasitic wasp dispersed mainly within a distance of 1-4 m from the released point, while only a few individuals dispersed 6-8 m. On the second day after release, the parasitism rate were 92.5% and 85.3% within 1 m and 2 m from the releasing point, respectively, and were 53.1% and 39.7%, respectively, on the fourth day after release. There was significant difference in the parasitism rate of whitefly nymphs between the tomato within 1-2 m and 4-8 m from the releasing point. So the effective dispersal distance was about 1-4 m. The results are significant for the biological control using E. Formosa in determining the release times, the distance between release points and the number of release points.

Key words: Encarsia formosa, dispersal behavior, parasitic rate, biological control

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