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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 163-168.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.02.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

烟蚜茧蜂的种群退化规律

谢应强1, 张洪志2, 李玉艳2, 孔琳2, 向梅2, 杨红利1, 张立猛3, 艾洪木1, 张礼生2   

  1. 1. 福建农林大学植物保护学院, 福州 350002;
    2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100039;
    3. 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司, 玉溪 653100
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-29 出版日期:2020-04-08 发布日期:2020-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 张礼生,研究员,E-mail:zhangleesheng@163.com;艾洪木,副教授,E-mail:aihongmu@163.com
  • 作者简介:谢应强,硕士研究生,E-mail:xyqxie@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家烟草总公司重大专项(110201601021-LS-01);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201000);国家自然科学基金(31572062)

Population Degradation Rule of Aphidius gifuensis (Hymenoptera:Aphidiidae)

XIE Yingqiang1, ZHANG Hongzhi2, LI Yuyan2, KONG Lin2, XIANG Mei2, YANG Hongli1, ZHANG Limeng3, AI Hongmu1, ZHANG Lisheng2   

  1. 1. College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
    2. Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
    3. Yuxi City Company of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Yuxi 653100, China
  • Received:2019-06-29 Online:2020-04-08 Published:2020-04-16

摘要: 烟蚜茧蜂是防治烟蚜的优良天敌昆虫。近20年,我国烟蚜茧蜂大规模扩繁技术日臻成熟,以其防控农作物蚜虫的生产应用也取得显著成效。然而在扩繁实践中发现连续饲养多代后,烟蚜茧蜂出现了种群退化现象,成为连续大规模扩繁烟蚜茧蜂生产瓶颈。为探索烟蚜茧蜂的种群衰退程度与饲养代数间的关系,分析归纳种群退化的特征规律,在室内续代饲养的条件下,测定了烟蚜茧蜂不同代数的单雌僵蚜量、羽化率、性比、成虫寿命、成虫胫节长度等特征。试验结果表明:从F1代到F12代,烟蚜茧蜂单雌僵蚜量下降了67.22%,羽化率下降了31.91%,雌性比上升了33.32%,成蜂寿命下降了53.85%,雌蜂后足胫节长下降了17.67%,雄蜂后足胫节长下降了28.74%,在F7~F9代各项特征衰退显著。试验证实在室内扩繁烟蚜茧蜂到第7代种群出现明显的衰退,生产上需适时采取复壮措施。

关键词: 烟蚜茧蜂, 人工扩繁, 种群退化, 退化规律

Abstract: Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead is a dominant natural enemy insect for controlling Myzus persicae. Over the past 20 decades, the technology of propagation of A. gifuensis has become increasingly mature, and it has been widely used in the crop control of M. persicae. However, it has been found that the parasitism, viability and body size of A. gifuensis decrease in varying degrees after successive generations. It will not only reduce the viability of the whole population of A. gifuensis, but also becomes the bottleneck of continuous and large-scale propagation. In order to explore the relationship between population decline degree and breeding algebra of A. gifuensis, we analyze and conclude the characteristics of population degradation. Under the conditions of indoor continuous breeding, measurement was further carried out focusing on the reproductive amount, eclosion rate, sex ratio, adult longevity, adult metathoracic tibia lengths and other characteristics of gynogenetic mummified A. gifuensis of different generation. The results showed that from F1 to F12generations of A. gifuensis, the number of gynogenetic mummified aphids decreased by 67.22%, the emergence rate decreased by 31.91%, the female ratio increased by 33.32%, the life span of adult bees decreased by 53.85%, the length of tibial spur in hind foot of female and male bees decreased by 17.67% and 28.74%, respectively, and the characteristics of F7-F9 generations declined significantly. The present experiment supports that the population of A. gifuensis declines generally in F7 generation when it is propagated indoors, production needs to take timely measures to rejuvenation.

Key words: Aphidius gifuensis, artificial propagation, population degradation, degradation rule

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