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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 821-828.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2019.05.018

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

豆科植物繁殖烟蚜及扩繁烟蚜茧蜂的潜力

张洪志1, 谢应强1,2, 孔琳1, 李萍1, 向梅1, 韩兆阳3, 李玉艳1, 张礼生1   

  1. 1. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100039;
    2. 福建农林大学植物保护学院, 福州 350002;
    3. 扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院, 扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-15 出版日期:2019-12-08 发布日期:2019-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 李玉艳,助理研究员,E-mail:lyy129@126.com;张礼生,博士,研究员,E-mail:zhangleesheng@163.com
  • 作者简介:张洪志,硕士研究生,E-mail:zhz_095@foxmail.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司重大专项(110201601021-LS-01-);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201000);国家自然科学基金(31572062)

Potential of Leguminous Crops as Host Plants for Raring Myzus persicae and Aphidius gifuensis (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

ZHANG Hongzhi1, XIE Yingqiang1,2, KONG Lin1, LI Ping1, XIANG Mei1, HAN Zhaoyang3, LI Yuyan1, ZHANG Lisheng1   

  1. 1. Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chian;
    2. College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
    3. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Received:2019-03-15 Online:2019-12-08 Published:2019-12-18

摘要: 为探究豆科植物作为繁育烟蚜和扩繁烟蚜茧蜂寄主植物的潜力,本研究测试了烟蚜在豌豆、蚕豆、大豆和绿豆4种豆科植物上的发育历期和繁殖力,随后比较了豆科植物和烟草繁育的烟蚜茧蜂以及蚕豆烟蚜茧蜂回接烟草所获得的子代蜂在羽化率、体型、成虫寿命和寄生力等重要生物学特性上的差异。结果表明:与豌豆和蚕豆相比,大豆与绿豆上蚜虫发育历期更短;大豆与绿豆单头烟蚜总产蚜量为22.3头和25.2头,显著高于豌豆和蚕豆的21头和18.2头;不同植物上蚜虫扩繁速度有显著差异,绿豆不适合作为扩繁烟蚜和烟蚜茧蜂的寄主植物;豌豆与大豆上僵蚜羽化率为67.5%和78.33%,显著低于其他植物;各植物上子代蜂性比无显著差异;烟草繁育的子代蜂成虫寿命(6.89 d)和后足胫节长(雌蜂573.5 μm,雄蜂493.5 μm)均显著高于豆科植物;不同寄主植物繁育烟蚜茧蜂的寄生力由大到小为烟草,蚕豆,豌豆,大豆;回接组烟蚜茧蜂各项指标均不低于烟草组。综合考虑扩繁周期、时间、空间利用率及经济成本等因素,蚕豆有望成为烟蚜茧蜂规模化扩繁的寄主植物。

关键词: 烟蚜茧蜂, 烟蚜, 寄主植物, 豆科植物

Abstract: In order to explore the potential of leguminous plants as host plants for rearing Myzus persicae and Aphidius gifuensis, development duration and fecundity of Myzus persicae on four legume species, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba, Glycine max, and Vigna radiata, were tested. Further, biological characteristics, such as emergence rate, body type, adult lifespan, and parasitic capacity, of the wasp Aphidius gifuensis were compared between the wasps reared on leguminous plants, tobacco, and the progeny wasps reared on tobacco from parent wasps reared on V. faba plants. The results showed that aphids reared on G. max and V. radiata plants were of shorter developmental duration than those obtained on the other two plant species and produced offspring aphids of 22.3 and 25.2, respectively, which were significantly higher than that from P. sativum plants (21) and V. faba plants (18.2). Aphids obtained from P. sativum plants were the heaviest. Aphid propagation rate differed significantly between the host plants, and V. radiata was not a suitable host plant for the propagation of aphid and wasp. The emergence rates of mummy obtained from P. sativum plants (67.5%) and from G. max plants (78.33%) were significantly lower than those obtained from the other two plant species. No significant differences in sex ratio of the progeny aphids were detected between the host plant treatments. The adult progeny wasp lifespan (6.9 d) and tibia length of the hinder leg (573.5 μm for female and 493.5μm for male) obtained from tobacco plants were significantly longer than those obtained from the legume plants. The wasp parasitic capacity resulted from different host plants was ranked as:Nicotiana tabacum > V. faba > P. sativum > G. max. In the progeny wasps reared on tobacco from parent wasps reared on V. faba, the performance parameters were all equal or superior to those of the tobacco group. In conclusion, considering rearing period, time and space use efficiency, and economic cost, V. faba is potential as the most suitable host plant for the mass rearing of A. gifuensis.

Key words: Aphidius gifuensis, Myzus persicae, host plant, leguminous

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