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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 186-192.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.07.003

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

蠋蝽两种不同释放方法对马尾松毛虫的林间防控效果评价

邓婉1, 黄科2, 胡倩3, 李罗秀2, 刘清4, 袁洁5, 李密1   

  1. 1. 湖南省林业科学院国家林草局南方天敌繁育与应用工程技术研究中心, 长沙 410004;
    2. 湘乡市林业局, 湘乡 411400;
    3. 湘西土家族苗族自治州林业科学研究所, 吉首 416000;
    4. 中南林业科技大学, 长沙 410004;
    5. 湘西土家族苗族自治州凤凰县林峰乡林业管理站, 凤凰 416201
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-19 发布日期:2025-03-21
  • 通讯作者: 李密
  • 作者简介:邓婉,博士,助理研究员,E-mail:dengwan@hnlky.cn;通信作者,李密,博士,副研究员,E-mail:limi49@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省林业科技创新资金(XLK202104-1);长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划(kq2306024)

A Preliminary Field Study of Two Releasing Ways of Arma chinensis for Control of Dendrolimus punctatus in Pine Forest

DENG Wan1, HUANG Ke2, HU Qian3, LI Luoxiu2, LIU Qing4, YUAN Jie5, LI Mi1   

  1. 1. Hunan Academy of Forestry, Southern Natural Enemies Breeding and Application Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Changsha 410004, China;
    2. Forestry Bureau of Xiangxiang City, Xiangxiang 411400, China;
    3. Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi, Forestry Science Research Institute, Jishou 416000, China;
    4. Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
    5. Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi, Forestry Management Station of Linfeng Township, Fenghuang 416201, China
  • Received:2024-01-19 Published:2025-03-21

摘要: 马尾松毛虫是我国的主要森林有害生物之一,一旦暴发成灾则会导致松树大面积死亡,蠋蝽作为一种优良的捕食性天敌昆虫已大规模扩繁成功,近几年农林烟草行业都增加了对其的田间应用效果研究应用和推广,但是在林业上如何应用于马尾松毛虫的林间防控知之甚少。基于此,本研究通过林间罩笼试验和林间直接释放试验分别明确了天敌蠋蝽5龄若虫对马尾松毛虫3龄幼虫的防控效果,结果表明:在食物饱和情况下,蠋蝽5龄若虫对马尾松毛虫3龄幼虫的防控效果随着释放时间的延长显著增强,1号样地从首日的20.34%防治效果增加到49.09%; 2号样地从首日的20.69%防治效果到3 d后的41.82%;虽然1号样地和2号样地生境条件等差异明显,但在同一释放时间间隔内,蠋蝽5龄若虫对于马尾松毛虫3龄幼虫的防控效果差异不显著。另外在自然条件下松林间释放蠋蝽5龄若虫后15 d时可对马尾松毛虫3龄幼虫的校正防效高达63.91%,防治效果都显著优于释放7 d后的结果,表明随着释放时间的延长,防控效果显著增强。本研究表明,天敌昆虫蠋蝽可实现对松林间的马尾松毛虫的种群控制潜能。

关键词: 蠋蝽, 马尾松毛虫, 生物防治, 林间释放

Abstract: Dendrolimus punctatus is one of the main forestry pests damaging the pine in China. The pest outbreak usually leads to a large area of pine death. As an excellent predatory natural enemy insect, Arma chinensis has been successfully propagated at a large scale. In recent years, the agriculture, forest and tobacco industries have increased the field research and application of A. chinensis. However, little is known about the application of A. chinensis in prevention and control of D. punctatus in the forest. In this study, the 5th instar A. chinensis nymphs were evaluated for their control of the D. punctatus 3rd instar larvae in cage tests in the forest and in direct release tests in the natural state. The results showed that under food saturation conditions, the control efficiency of the predator increased significantly with the extension of the time post release. Specifically, the control efficiency in Plot 1 increased from 20.34% on the first day to 49.09% on the 3rd day and in Plot 2, from 20.69% on the first day to 41.82% on the 3rd day. Although there were obvious differences in habitat conditions between Plot 1 and Plot 2, the control efficiency afforded by the predators did not differ significantly within the same release interval. In addition, at 15 days post release of the predators in pine forests under natural conditions, the corrected control efficiency on the 3rd instar larvae of D. punctatus reached 63.91%, which significantly improved in comparison with that at 7 days post release. These results show that the natural enemy A. chinensis affords efficient control of the population of D. punctatus in the pine forest.

Key words: Arma chinensis, Dendrolimus punctatus, biological control, field test

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