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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 396-404.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.03.016

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

香蕉枯萎病生防菌肥的优化及其防病促生效果研究

杜婵娟1, 杨迪1, 潘连富1, 叶云峰2, 张晋1, 付岗1   

  1. 1. 广西农业科学院植物保护研究所/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室, 南宁 530007;
    2. 广西农业科学院园艺研究所, 南宁 530007
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-11 出版日期:2020-06-08 发布日期:2020-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 付岗,博士,研究员,E-mail::fug110@gxaas.net。
  • 作者简介:杜婵娟,硕士,助理研究员,E-mail:duchanjuan@gxaas.net
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31560006);广西自然科学基金(2017GXNSFDA198002);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA18118028-5);广西农业科学院科技发展基金(桂农科2018YT15,31960520);广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室基金(2019-ST-03)。

Bio-Fertilizer Optimization and Its Control Effect on Banana Fusarium Wilt

DU Chanjuan1, YANG Di1, PAN Lianfu1, YE Yunfeng2, ZHANG Jin1, FU Gang1   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection Research, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
    2. Institute of Horticulture, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
  • Received:2019-10-11 Online:2020-06-08 Published:2020-06-12

摘要: 为了进一步改良拮抗菌在生物菌肥中的生存条件,提高香蕉枯萎病生防菌肥的防病促生效果,以GFP标记的拮抗木霉GFP-gz-2为指示菌,对生物肥中与拮抗菌菌株生长相关的多种因子进行了优化,并进一步评价了菌肥优化前后的防病促生效果。试验结果表明,在菌肥的7种待添加碳源中,糯米粉为菌株GFP-gz-2的最佳碳源,当糯米粉的含量为35 g/L时,其菌落直径和产孢量达到最大值;在菌肥成分的6种金属离子中,Ca2+最利于菌株GFP-gz-2的生长。多因素正交优化结果表明,适于菌株GFP-gz-2生长的生物肥最佳配制条件为有机肥的C/N为30:1,Ca2+浓度为5%,菌株的接种量为2.0×106孢子/g。在该条件下,菌株GFP-gz-2在生物肥中的定殖数量为1.033×108孢子/g。改良菌肥对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果达到84.75%,比优化前防效提高15.26%。改良菌肥可显著提高香蕉的株高、茎围、鲜重及干重,比优化前分别提高23.35%、22.82%、68.78%和50.17%,具有明显的促生作用。

关键词: 香蕉枯萎病, 哈茨木霉, 菌肥, 配方优化

Abstract: In order to improve the living conditions of antagonistic fungus in the fertilizer and improve control effect of the bio-fertilizer on banana Fusarium wilt, a variety of factors related to the growth of antagonistic strain were optimized based on the GFP-labeled strain Thichoderma harzianum GFP-gz-2. The effects of the bio-fertilizer on disease control and growth promotion were evaluated before and after optimization, respectively. The results showed that glutinous rice flour was the best one among the 7 carbon sources for the growth of strain GFP-gz-2. The colony diameter and sporulation of strain GFP-gz-2 reached the maximum when the content of glutinous rice flour was 35 g/L. Ca2+ was the best one in the 6 metal ions for the growth of strain GFP-gz-2. The results of multi-factor orthogonal optimization showed that the best conditions for the growth of strain GFP-gz-2 in the bio-fertilizer were listed as follows:C/N ratio of organic fertilizer was 30:1, concentration of Ca2+was 5%, and the inoculation amount of the strain was 2.0×106 spore/g. Under these conditions, the colonization amount of strain GFP-gz-2 in the bio-fertilizer was 1.033×108 spore/g. The control effect of optimized bio-fertilizer on banana Fusarium wilt reached to 84.75%, 15.26% higher than that before optimization. The optimized bio-fertilizer increased the plant height, stem girth, fresh weight and dry weight of banana significantly, which were 23.35%, 22.82%, 68.78% and 50.17% higher than that before optimization, respectively.

Key words: banana Fusarium wilt, Trichoderma harzianum, fungus fertilizer, formulation optimization

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