关键词: 棘孢木霉, 聚氨酯海绵, 惰性载体, 固体发酵, 培养基

Abstract: Using Trichoderma asperellum THGY-01 (CGMCC No:22422) as the test strain, we screened and optimized the type and concentration of spore-producing medium for solid fermentation on a polyurethane sponge carrier, and the elements that could promote sporulation were also identified. Using the spore production per unit mass of the polyurethane sponge carrier (spores/g) as an indicator, 11 types of carbon sources, 6 types of nitrogen sources and 14 types of inorganic salts (8 types containing large elements and 6 types containing trace elements) were screened by the single factor test method. The results showed that molasses was the best carbon source for sporulation; When fermentation with 5% (V/V) molasses for 6 days, the spore production reached 4.92×10⁹ spores/g; When fermentation with 30.0% (V/V) for 8 days, the spore production even reached 18.86×10⁹ spores/g, which was 11.45 times the highest spore production of other carbon sources. The best nitrogen source for sporulation was yeast powder. After 6 days of fermentation with 0.4% (W/V) yeast powder, the spore production reached 1.42×10⁹ spores/g, which is 1.27 times the highest spore production of other nitrogen sources. We also found that adding a certain concentration of potassium ion-containing inorganic salt can increase the spore yield of Trichoderma solid fermentation on the polyurethane sponge carrier; with the addition of 0.20% (M/V) KH₂PO₄, the spore production reached 2.31×10⁹ spores/g after 6 days of fermentation, which was 203 times higher than the control; Some trace elements such as Cu, Zn, and Mn at certain concentration also significantly promote the sporulation of tested strains. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the solid fermentation of Trichoderma asperellum on a polyurethane sponge carrier.

Key words: Trichoderma asperellum, polyurethane sponge, inert carrier, solid fermentation, medium