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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1427-1434.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.01.016

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

六种蚜虫对多异瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响

姜岩1,2, 修春丽3, 王冬梅2, 丁瑞丰2, 李号宾2, 潘洪生2, 刘小宁1   

  1. 1. 新疆大学生命科学与技术学院/新疆生物资源和基因工程重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046;
    2. 新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/国家植物保护库尔勒观测实验站, 乌鲁木齐 830091;
    3. 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所, 杭州 310008
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-07 发布日期:2022-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 潘洪生,博士,研究员,Email:panhongsheng0715@163.com;刘小宁,博士,教授,Email:liuxn0103@sina.com
  • 作者简介:姜岩,硕士研究生,Email:jy930811@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32060617);植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLOF202007);天山创新团队计划(2020D14004);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020004)

Effects of Six Aphid Species on the Development and Reproduction of Hippodamia variegata (Goeze)

JIANG Yan1,2, XIU Chunli3, WANG Dongmei2, DING Ruifeng2, LI Haobin2, PAN Hongsheng2, LIU Xiaoning1   

  1. 1. College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi 830046, China;
    2. Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Plant Protection Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Korla, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China;
    3. Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
  • Received:2022-01-07 Published:2022-12-16

摘要: 多异瓢虫是新疆地区的优势捕食性天敌,可取食蚜虫、粉蚧、木虱等多种害虫。开展多异瓢虫的大规模扩繁对于推进害虫的绿色防控具有重要意义,选择适合多异瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的食物,是保证其人工扩繁的重要基础。本研究通过室内比较饲喂6种蚜虫(麦长管蚜、棉黑蚜、棉蚜、玉米蚜、豌豆蚜、桃蚜)后多异瓢虫的生命参数,筛选适合用于其人工扩繁的活体饲料。结果表明:多异瓢虫取食6种蚜虫显著影响幼虫的发育历期、存活率、成虫寿命、繁殖力以及世代历期。其中,多异瓢虫幼虫取食麦长管蚜(7.70d)和玉米蚜(7.67d)的发育历期明显短于取食其他4种蚜虫的;取食麦长管蚜发育成的雌、雄成虫均较重(雌11.02mg、雄8.54mg);取食棉黑蚜时蛹期(3.80d)和卵期(2.52d)均较短;多异瓢虫取食麦长管蚜(20.02d)、棉黑蚜(21.14d)、棉蚜(20.07d)和玉米蚜(20.37d)的世代历期均较短;多异瓢虫幼虫取食麦长管蚜(96.33%)、棉黑蚜(96.50%)和棉蚜(90.67%)的存活率均明显高于取食其他3种蚜虫的。同时,多异瓢虫雌、雄成虫分别在取食棉黑蚜(44.67d)和麦长管蚜(59.13d)时寿命最长。在繁殖力方面,多异瓢虫成虫取食麦长管蚜(3.53d)和棉蚜(3.68d)时产卵前期均较短;取食棉黑蚜(1044.02粒)和棉蚜(1084.45粒)时单雌产卵量较高。综合来看,在6种蚜虫中,麦长管蚜、棉黑蚜和棉蚜均相对适合多异瓢虫的生长发育和繁殖,是饲养与人工扩繁多异瓢虫较为理想的活体饲料。

关键词: 多异瓢虫, 蚜虫, 发育历期, 存活率, 寿命, 繁殖力

Abstract: Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) is a dominant predatory natural enemy of many agricultural pests in Xinjiang, such as aphids, mealybugs, and woodlice. It is of great significance to mass produce H. variegata for promoting the green pest control. And the selection of food suitable for the growth, development and reproduction of H. variegata is a perquisite of mass production. The life parameters of H. variegata feeding on six aphid species (Sitobion avenae Fabricius, Aphis atrata Zhang, Aphis gossypii Glover, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch, Acyrthosiphon pisum L., Myzus persicae Sulzer) in the laboratory were compared. The results showed that the developmental duration and survival rate of larvae, adult lifespan and fecundity, and generation duration were significantly affected by aphid species. Specifically, the development duration of H. variegata larvae feeding on S. avenae (7.70 d) and R. maidis (7.67 d) was significantly shorter than that of the beetles feeding on the other four aphid species; the weight of female (11.02 mg) and male (8.54 mg) H. variegata adults derived from the larvae feeding on S. avenae was greater; the pupal period (3.80 d) and egg period (2.52 d) were shorter when the larvae fed on A. atrata; the generation duration of H. variegata feeding on S. avenae (20.02 d), A. atrata (21.14 d), A. gossypii (20.07 d), and R. maidis (20.37 d) were shorter; the survival rate of H. variegata larvae feeding on S. avenae (96.33%), A. atrata (96.50%), and A. gossypii (90.67%) were significantly higher than those feeding on the other three aphid species. Meanwhile, female and male H. variegata adults lived longer when feeding on A. atrata (44.67 d) and S. avenae (59.13 d), respectively. The pre-oviposition periods of adults feeding on S. avenae (3.53 d) and A. gossypii (3.68 d) were shorter, and the fecundity of H. variegata was higher when the preys were A. atrata (1044.02) and A. gossypii (1084.45). Taken together, among the six aphid species, S. avenae, A. atrata and A. gossypii are relatively suitable for the growth, development and reproduction of H. variegata, which are relatively ideal live feed for rearing and artificial propagation of H. variegata.

Key words: Hippodamia variegata, aphids, developmental duration, survival rate, longevity, fecundity

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