混合蚜虫斑块对食蚜瘿蚊繁殖力的影响

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.05.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 食蚜瘿蚊是多种蚜虫的捕食性天敌。深入研究影响该虫繁殖力的关键性因子有助于改进规模化饲养以及提高该虫在生物防治中的应用效果。本文选用玉米蚜、禾谷缢管蚜和麦长管蚜作为寄主昆虫，通过设置猎物蚜虫斑块的3种混合方式（单一种群、两种或三种均匀混合种群），以及每种混合方式下的4个密度梯度（总虫量6～48头/株），研究混合蚜虫斑块对食蚜瘿蚊终身产卵量的影响。结果表明：无论是在单一猎物斑块，还是在两种或三种混合猎物斑块上，食蚜瘿蚊的终身产卵量均随着蚜虫密度的增加而增加，且4个猎物密度处理之间呈极显著差异。其中，猎物斑块密度为24～48头/株时，所得终身产卵量最高。在相同猎物密度条件下，食蚜瘿蚊在单一猎物斑块上的终身产卵量最低，而在三种混合猎物斑块上的产卵量最高，呈现出“三种混合>两种混合>单一种群”猎物斑块的趋势。由此可见，食蚜瘿蚊的终身产卵量受到猎物斑块密度和斑块内蚜虫种群混合方式的双重影响；较高的猎物斑块密度和混合猎物斑块中较多的蚜虫种类，均有利于食蚜瘿蚊产下较多数量的卵。

关键词: 食蚜瘿蚊, 产卵对策, 猎物密度, 斑块混合方式, 繁殖力

Abstract: Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) is an important predatory natural enemy of many aphid species. Understanding the key factors influencing the predator's fecundity will contribute to the improvement of the mass production and application of A. aphidimyza in biological control. Here, we measured the fecundity of A. aphidimyza fed with three aphid species, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch, Rhopalosiphum padi Fitch, or Sitobion avenae Fabricius, individually or an equal mixture of 2 or 3 aphid species at 4 densities of 6 to 48 aphids/plant. The results showed that, regardless of individual species or in an equal mixture of 2 or 3 species, the lifetime fecundity of A. aphidimyza increased with the addition of aphid densities, significantly different between the 4 densities. The highest fecundity was observed at prey densities of 24 to 48 aphids/plant. When confined to the same prey density, A. aphidimyza deposited the fewest when provided with individual species of prey and the most when provided with a mixture of 3 species of prey. These results suggest that lifetime fecundity of A. aphidimyza is dependent on both density and species of prey. The higher density and more prey aphid species in a mixture are beneficial for high fecundity in A. aphidimyza.

Key words: Aphidoletes aphidimyza, oviposition tactics, prey density, mixed patch pattern, fecundity

中图分类号:

S476.2

方美娟, 罗智心, 何晓庆, 刘冬, 宋凯, 张恒, 赵颖, 王玉波. 混合蚜虫斑块对食蚜瘿蚊繁殖力的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(4): 716-724.

FANG Meijuan, LUO Zhixin, HE Xiaoqing, LIU Dong, SONG Kai, ZHANG Heng, ZHAO Ying, WANG Yubo. Effects of Mixed Aphid Patches on Fecundity of Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(4): 716-724.

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