昆虫病原真菌农药研究进展：从分子基础到产业化

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.05.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 昆虫病原真菌作为环境友好型生物防治资源，在农业绿色发展中潜力显著。本文系统综述了昆虫病原真菌在产孢、抗逆、侵染致病等重要性状相关机制研究进展以及分子改良策略，概述了国内外真菌农药产品研发现状、规模化生产与应用技术进展，并特别介绍了我国在昆虫病原真菌农药创新中的贡献，包括广谱多功能菌株创制、规模化固态发酵装备研发及微生物农药FAO国际标准的建立，分析了当前该领域所面临的挑战。最后，从系统解析互作网络、智能工程菌设计、先进剂型与智能发酵系统开发、构建协同应用模式及完善产业生态等角度，对未来5—10年的发展方向进行了展望，以期为我国真菌农药的持续创新与产业竞争力提升提供参考。

关键词: 昆虫病原真菌, 分子机制, 遗传改良, 规模化生产, 应用研究

Abstract: Entomopathogenic fungi, as an environmentally friendly biocontrol resource, exhibit significant potential in promoting green agriculture. This paper systematically reviews recent advances in the mechanisms underlying key traits of entomopathogenic fungi, such as conidiation, stress tolerance, and infection pathogenesis, as well as molecular improvement strategies. It also outlines the current status of fungal pesticide product development, large-scale production, and application technologies both in China and internationally. Special emphasis is placed on China's contributions to innovation in entomopathogenic fungal pesticides, including the development of broad-spectrum multifunctional strains, breakthroughs in large-scale solid-state fermentation equipment, and the establishment of the FAO international standard for microbial pesticides. Current challenges in the field are analyzed accordingly. Finally, future directions for the next 5—10 years are proposed from multiple perspectives, including systematically deciphering interaction networks, designing intelligent engineered strains, developing advanced formulations and smart fermentation systems, constructing integrated application models, and improving the industrial ecosystem. This review aims to provide insights for sustaining innovation and enhancing the industrial competitiveness of fungal pesticides in China.

Key words: entomopathogenic fungi, molecular mechanisms, genetic improvement, large-scale production, application research

中图分类号:

S476.2

金凯, 谢佳沁, 彭国雄, 肖琦, 曹月青, 夏玉先. 昆虫病原真菌农药研究进展：从分子基础到产业化[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(2): 264-277.

JIN Kai, XIE Jiaqin, PENG Guoxiong, XIAO Qi, CAO Yueqing, XIA Yuxian. Research Progress on Entomopathogenic Fungal Pesticides: From Molecular Foundations to Industrialized Application[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(2): 264-277.

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