百里香和肉桂精油及其主要成分百里香酚和肉桂醛对花生果腐病的防治效果

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.014

中国生物防治学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 446-457.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.014

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

百里香和肉桂精油及其主要成分百里香酚和肉桂醛对花生果腐病的防治效果

申思蕊¹, 何磊鸣¹, 贾晨静¹, 黄朝阳¹, 王芹芹¹, 张富龙², 崔凯娣¹, 周琳¹

1. 河南农业大学植物保护学院/河南省新型农药创制与应用重点实验室/河南省绿色农药创制工程技术研究中心, 郑州 450046;
2. 内蒙古清源保生物科技有限公司, 巴彦淖尔 015000

收稿日期:2024-07-24 发布日期:2025-04-19
通讯作者: 崔凯娣, 周琳
作者简介:申思蕊, 女, 硕士, E-mail:sirui_shen@163.com;通信作者, 崔凯娣, E-mail:ckd921209@163.com;周琳, E-mail:zhoulinhenau@163.com。
基金资助:
河南省重大科技专项（221100110100）；河南省现代农业产业技术体系（HARS-22-05-G3）

Efficacy of Thymus mongolicus and Cinnamomum cassia Essential Oil and Their Major Components Thymol and Cinnamaldehyde on Peanut Pod Rot

SHEN Sirui¹, HE Leiming¹, JIA Chenjing¹, HUANG Zhaoyang¹, WANG Qinqin¹, ZHANG Fulong², CUI Kaidi¹, ZHOU Lin¹

1. Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticide/Henan Research Center of Green Pesticide Engineering and Technology/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Kingbo Biotech Co., Ltd., Bayan Nur 015200, China

Received:2024-07-24 Published:2025-04-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 花生果腐病是由茄腐镰刀菌和尖孢镰刀菌等病原菌引起的土传病害，目前尚无有效防治该病害的登记药剂及措施，给花生产业造成了巨大经济损失。为了筛选防治花生果腐病的绿色高效杀菌剂，本研究以茄腐镰刀菌和尖孢镰刀菌为靶标菌，采用菌丝生长速率法从26种植物精油中筛选出百里香和肉桂两种高抑菌活性精油，通过GC-MS分析了两种精油的主要化学成分，继而通过菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定了百里香和肉桂精油及其高效抑菌化合物百里香酚和肉桂醛对两种镰刀菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制活性，并通过离体接种测定其保护和治疗防效。结果表明，百里香酚和肉桂醛分别为百里香和肉桂精油的高效抑菌化合物。百里香精油、肉桂精油、百里香酚和肉桂醛抑制茄腐镰刀菌菌丝生长的EC50值分别为444.44、295.66、74.35、286.09 mg/L，100 mg/L浓度下对茄腐镰刀菌孢子萌发的抑制率分别为63.33%、75.33%、94.67%和47.33%。各测试物质的治疗防效大于保护防效，且500 mg/L浓度下百里香酚（97.67%）、肉桂醛（94.57%）、肉桂精油（96.30%）防效显著高于百里香精油（45.18%）。由此可见，百里香酚、肉桂醛和肉桂精油具有用作植物源杀菌剂防治花生果腐病的潜力。

关键词: 花生果腐病, 百里香精油, 肉桂精油, 百里香酚, 肉桂醛

Abstract: Peanut pod rot is a soil-borne disease mainly caused by Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum. Currently, there was no effective registered fungicides and methods to control peanut pod rot, thereby causing serious economic losses on peanut industry. This study screened the antifungal activity of 26 essential oils against F. solani and F. oxysporum using the mycelial growth inhibition method and found that Thymus mongolicus and Cinnamomum cassia essential oils showed highest inhibitory activity. Then, we analyzed the chemical components of T. mongolicus and C. cassia essential oils using GC-MS and determined the inhibitory effects of two essential oils and their major components thymol and cinnamaldehyde against the mycelial growth and spore germination of two Fusarium pathogens using the mycelial growth inhibition method and spore germination method. Finaly, the protective and curative efficacy of these test essential oils and compounds were determined on detached peanuts by artificial inoculation. Results indicated that thymol and cinnamaldehyde was the highly antifungal compound of T. mongolicus and C. cassia essential oil, respectively. The EC50 value of T. mongolicus essential oil, C. cassia essential oil, thymol and cinnamaldehyde against F. solani was 444.44, 295.66, 74.35 and 286.09 mg/L, respectively; and their inhibition at 100 mg/L on the spore germination of F. solani was 63.33%, 75.33%, 94.67% and 47.33%, respectively. The curative efficacy of each test substance was higher than its protective efficacy. At 500 mg/L, the efficacy of thymol (97.67%), cinnamaldehyde (94.57%), C. cassia essential oil (96.30%) was significantly higher than that of T. mongolicus essential oil (45.18%). Above results showed that thymol, cinnamaldehyde, C. cassia essential oil had great potential to be used as botanical fungicides to control peanut pod rot.

Key words: peanut pod rot, Thymus mongolicus essential oil, Cinnamomum cassia essential oil, thymol, cinnamaldehyde

中图分类号:

S476

申思蕊, 何磊鸣, 贾晨静, 黄朝阳, 王芹芹, 张富龙, 崔凯娣, 周琳. 百里香和肉桂精油及其主要成分百里香酚和肉桂醛对花生果腐病的防治效果[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(2): 446-457.

SHEN Sirui, HE Leiming, JIA Chenjing, HUANG Zhaoyang, WANG Qinqin, ZHANG Fulong, CUI Kaidi, ZHOU Lin. Efficacy of Thymus mongolicus and Cinnamomum cassia Essential Oil and Their Major Components Thymol and Cinnamaldehyde on Peanut Pod Rot[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(2): 446-457.

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百里香和肉桂精油及其主要成分百里香酚和肉桂醛对花生果腐病的防治效果

Efficacy of Thymus mongolicus and Cinnamomum cassia Essential Oil and Their Major Components Thymol and Cinnamaldehyde on Peanut Pod Rot

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[1]	曹伟平, 陆晴, 鹿秀云, 臧卫平, 宋健. 花生果腐病拮抗菌贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Hsg1949鉴定与防效[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(4): 761-770.
[2]	王海娇, 王轶楠, 高飞, 段鹏飞, 刘向阳, 游秀峰, 姚伦广, 赵特, 周琳. 肉桂精油对辣椒疫霉菌的生物活性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2018, 34(3): 461-468.
[3]	董红平, 赵特, 孙淑君, 刘希, 周琳. 肉桂精油对4种重要果蔬病原真菌的生物活性研究[J]. , 2014, 30(2): 282-286.