宿主中肠对苏云金芽胞杆菌杀虫蛋白的防御反应

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 苏云金芽胞杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis是一种对多种农业害虫、线虫具有特异性杀虫活性的病原微生物，主要通过产生杀虫蛋白破坏靶标害虫中肠上皮细胞，造成细胞内渗透压失衡，最终导致害虫死亡。中肠上皮细胞是昆虫内部和外部环境之间的保护性屏障，它能够有效阻止病原微生物及其产生的杀虫蛋白对昆虫造成的不利影响，在防御病原微生物方面发挥着关键作用。当苏云金芽胞杆菌及其产生的杀虫蛋白作用于靶标害虫中肠时，中肠上皮细胞防御反应也会被激活以维持上皮细胞结构的完整性，从而降低杀虫蛋白对自身的损伤。这些中肠防御反应的产生显著影响了苏云金芽胞杆菌杀虫蛋白对靶标害虫的杀虫活性，甚至导致靶标害虫产生抗性。因此，本文将以靶标害虫-苏云金芽胞杆菌为模型，讨论苏云金芽胞杆菌诱导的靶标害虫上皮细胞防御机制，包括中肠上皮细胞囊泡运输、自噬、细胞凋亡、细胞脱落与再生等防御反应及上皮细胞内防御信号通路等，以期为提高苏云金芽胞杆菌杀虫作用，延缓靶标抗性的研究提供理论支撑。

关键词: 苏云金芽胞杆菌, 杀虫蛋白, 中肠细胞, 防御反应, 害虫, 线虫

Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the insect pathogens which has specific insecticidal activity against a wide range of agricultural pests and nematodes. It produces different insecticidal proteins to destroy the target pest midgut epithelial cells, resulting in an imbalance of intracellular osmotic pressure and the death of their host pests. As we know, the midgut epitheliums of pests are the protective barriers between the internal and external environments of pests, which plays a key role in defense against pathogens and their insecticidal proteins. After intoxication with Bt insecticidal proteins, the midgut epithelial cell defense responses are activated to maintain the structural integrity of midgut to reduce the damage caused by the Bt insecticidal proteins. The defense mechanisms significantly affected the activity of Bt insecticidal proteins and even led to the development of resistance in target pests. Here we review the Bt-induced midgut epithelial cell defense mechanism of the host pests, including vesicle trafficking pathways, autophagy, apoptotic death, cell defense signaling pathways, cell shedding and regeneration. Aiming to lay an important theoretical foundation for improving the insecticidal activity of Bt and delaying the resistance of target pests.

Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis, insecticidal proteins, midgut cells, cell defense mechanism, pests, Caenorhabditis elegans

中图分类号:

S476.1

李思睿, 杨焱超, 吴国星, 王泽宇. 宿主中肠对苏云金芽胞杆菌杀虫蛋白的防御反应[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(2): 492-500.

LI Sirui, YANG Yanchao, WU Guoxing, WANG Zeyu. The Defense Response Mechanisms of Host Midgut to Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Pesticidal Proteins[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(2): 492-500.

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