蠋蝽在饲养中的品质退化观察

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.01.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 天敌昆虫在大量生产中往往面临品质退化问题。近年来，大量繁殖蠋蝽开展生物防治引起广泛关注，但随着蠋蝽野生自然种群引入室内人工扩繁过程中，生活力和生殖力不断下降，出现发育历期延长、孵化率降低、发育整齐度下降等现象，严重影响释放种群的品质和防效。为明确蠋蝽在饲养中的品质退化趋势，本研究通过新采集一批野外蠋蝽进行室内饲养，观测各世代卵孵化历期、卵孵化率、各龄期历期及全历期，雌、雄成虫体质量、体长、单雌产卵量等生活史特征。试验结果表明：F₁~F₆代，蠋蝽的卵孵化历期延长了71.5%，卵孵化率下降了22.6%，发育历期延长了30.3%，雌雄性比下降了18.2%，雌成虫体质量、体长分别下降了17.9%和8.4%，雄成虫体质量、体长分别下降了19.4%和3.2%，单雌产卵量下降了32.8%，自F₃代开始各代各项参数衰退显著。结果说明，蠋蝽第3代种群出现明显的衰退，建议室内扩繁中需每年采集野外种群补充，以复壮饲养种群。

关键词: 蠋蝽, 天敌昆虫, 室内种群, 品质退化

Abstract: An problem confronted in the mass production of natural enemies of insect pests is their quality degradation. In recent years, mass rearing of Arma chinensis for biological control has caught wide public attention in China. However, with generational successive mass rearing of the predatory bugs in insectary, such phenomena as drop in vigor and fertility, extension of development period, decline of hatching rate, and unsynchronized development has often occurred, which and has caused serious influence on the application of the predatory bugs. Quality degradation of A. chinensis was investigated by observing the bionomics in laboratory from the wild type A. chinensis adults collected from the fields. The results showed that, compared with F₁ generation, F₆ generation A. chinensis showed prolonged egg hatching duration (by 71.5%), decreased egg hatching rate (by 22.6%), extended development period (by 30.3%), decreased female to male sex ratio (by 18.2%), reduced weight and length of female adults (by 17.9% and 8.4%, respectively), decreased weight and length of male adults (by 19.4% and 3.2%, respectively), and reduced fecundity (by 32.8%). These parameters degraded significantly since the F₃ generation. The results show that A. chinensis population degrades apparently since the third generation from the start of mass rearing, and rejuvenation of the insectary population by cross with wild populations is recommended during mass production.

Key words: Arma chinensis, natural enemies, mass production, quality degradation

中图分类号:

S476.2

朱艳娟, 殷焱芳, 王震, 陈红印, 刘晨曦. 蠋蝽在饲养中的品质退化观察[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(1): 159-165.

ZHU Yanjuan, YIN Yanfang, WANG Zhen, CHEN Hongyin, LIU Chenxi. A Note of Degeneration of Arma chinensis (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) during the Rearing Process[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(1): 159-165.

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