链格孢菌DT-DYLC菌株的除草活性及对作物的安全性

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.02.016

中国生物防治学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 418-428.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.02.016

链格孢菌DT-DYLC菌株的除草活性及对作物的安全性

程海洋, 程亮, 朱海霞, 李娟, 魏有海, 郭青云

青海大学农林科学院植物保护研究所/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站, 西宁 810016

收稿日期:2022-09-20 出版日期:2023-04-08 发布日期:2023-04-13
通讯作者: 程亮,博士,研究员, E-mail:liangcheng1979@163.com。
作者简介:程海洋,硕士研究生, E-mail:haiyangcheng532@163.com。
基金资助:
青海省自然科学基金项目（2022-ZJ-911）；青海省重点实验室项目（2022-ZJ-Y10）；第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0303)。

Herbicidal Activity and Safety to Crops of Alternaria alternata DT-DYLC

CHENG Haiyang, CHENG Liang, ZHU Haixia, LI Juan, WEI Youhai, GUO Qingyun

Institute of Plant Protection, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Qinghai University/Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Xining, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xining 810016, China

Received:2022-09-20 Online:2023-04-08 Published:2023-04-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究从青海省大通县达隆村农田采集自然感病的植物叶片中分离出真菌菌株，以藜为靶标草，通过离体叶片和温室盆栽试验以及作物安全性评价，筛选获得1株具有较好的除草活性的生防菌DT-DYLC。结果表明，离体叶片接种DT-DYLC 7 d后，在接种处可见大量灰白色的菌丝，且于叶片反面有菌丝穿透生长，发病率为60.04%，病级达到4级。不同浓度1.20×（10¹~10⁴）孢子/mL的DT-DYLC孢子悬浮液对藜的发病率达到50.35%~95.81%，病情指数为49.34~89.44，鲜重防效达到52.95%~83.25%。作物安全性评价结果表明，DT-DYLC菌株孢子悬浮液对小麦、青稞、玉米、番茄和黄瓜安全。经形态学特征和rDNA-ITS序列分析将DT-DYLC鉴定为链格孢Alternaria alternata。上述结果为该菌株下一步田间应用提供了理论基础。

关键词: 杂草, 除草活性, 作物安全性, 生物防治

Abstract: Fungal strains were isolated from the leaves of naturally diseased plants collected from the farmland of Dalong Village, Datong County, Qinghai Province. Tne antagonistic strain DT-DYLC showed good herbicidal activities against Chenopodium album by detached leaves, greenhouse pot experiments and crop safety evaluation. The results showed that a large number of gray-white hyphae were observed at the inoculation site, and there was penetration growth on the reverse side of the leaves after 7 days of inoculation with DT-DYLC. The disease incidence rate was 60.04%, and the disease grade were 4. The spore suspension of strain DT-DYLC with different concentrations (1.20×10¹-1.20×10⁴spores/mL) had incidence of 50.35%-95.81%, disease index of 49.34- 89.44, and fresh weight control effecacy of 52.95%-83.25%. Crop safety evaluation of strain DT-DYLC showed that its spore suspension was safe to wheat, barley, corn, tomato and cucumber. DT-DYLC was identified as Alternaria alternata by morphology and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the further field application of this strain.

Key words: weed, herbicidal activity, crop safety, biological control

中图分类号:

S476+.1

程海洋, 程亮, 朱海霞, 李娟, 魏有海, 郭青云. 链格孢菌DT-DYLC菌株的除草活性及对作物的安全性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(2): 418-428.

CHENG Haiyang, CHENG Liang, ZHU Haixia, LI Juan, WEI Youhai, GUO Qingyun. Herbicidal Activity and Safety to Crops of Alternaria alternata DT-DYLC[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(2): 418-428.

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链格孢菌DT-DYLC菌株的除草活性及对作物的安全性

Herbicidal Activity and Safety to Crops of Alternaria alternata DT-DYLC

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