东亚小花蝽对温室辣椒及茄子花内西花蓟马的控害作用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.03.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 天敌投放的益害比是其田间应用的重要参数。为明确东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri (Poppius) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)对茄科作物花内西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) 的防治效果及其最佳益害比，本研究在辣椒和茄子生产温室中以5个益害比水平释放东亚小花蝽后，测定了西花蓟马的种群变化；并在温室条件下比较了释放东亚小花蝽和使用生物农药对茄子、辣椒花内蓟马的防治效果。结果表明，在短期内，与不释放东亚小花蝽的对照相比，释放东亚小花蝽5龄若虫处理的辣椒、茄子花内西花蓟马2龄若虫密度在48 h后显著降低。当益害比为5:30时（即每30头蓟马释放5头东亚小花蝽），辣椒、茄子花内的西花蓟马密度最低，分别为0.67头/花和1.17头/花，防治效果分别为97.67%和95.93%。东亚小花蝽对辣椒上的西花蓟马防治效果略高于茄子，但不存在显著差异。此外，当益害比为1:30~5:30时，按不同益害比释放东亚小花蝽的处理对温室辣椒、茄子花内西花蓟马防治效果与益害比均呈正相关性。在长期内，与使用生物农药相比，释放东亚小花蝽对温室辣椒和茄子花内西花蓟马具有良好的持久控制作用。本研究表明东亚小花蝽能够用于防治辣椒、茄子花内的西花蓟马，并明确了最佳释放的益害比水平范围为1:30~5:30，为作物花内蓟马的防治和东亚小花蝽的大规模田间应用提供基础数据。

关键词: 捕食性天敌, 益害比, 生物防治, 害虫综合治理, 田间应用

Abstract: The beneficial/pest ratio is an important parameter in the application of biological control agents in fields. The control effect and the best predator/pest ratio of Orius sauteri (Poppius) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) against Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in the flowers of solanaceous crops were investigated through recording the colony dynamics of F. occidentalis after releasing O. sauteri under 5 different predator/pest ratios in commercial greenhouses of pepper and eggplant. The control of F. occidentalis in the flowers of pepper and eggplants was compared at greenhouse conditions between releasing O. sauteri and applying bio-pesticides. Results showed that the density of the 2^nd instar nymphs of F. occidentalis in pepper and eggplant flowers significantly decreased at 48 h after the release of the 5^th instar nymphs of O. sauteri, compared with the control without releasing predators. When the predator/pest ratio was 5:30, i.e., five predators were released when there were thirty thrips, the densities of F. occidentalis in pepper and eggplant flowers were the lowest, 0.67 and 1.17 thrips per flower, respectively, and the control efficiencies were 97.67% and 95.93%, respectively. In addition, when the predator/pest ratio was between 1: 30 and 5: 30, there was a positive correlation between the ratio and the control effect in greenhouse. In the long term, compared with the spraying of bio-pesticides, O. sauteri had a better, lasting control effect on thrips in the flowers of pepper and eggplant under commercial greenhouses. The research indicates that O. sauteri has the potential to effectively control F. occidentalis in pepper and eggplant greenhouse and has determined the optimal predator/pest ratio for releasing O. sauteri. The results are helpful for controlling thrips in crop flowers and the large-scale field application of O. sauteri in greenhouse.

Key words: predator, benefit/pest ratio, biological control, integrated pest management, field application

中图分类号:

S476.2

王杰, 张晨, 朱正阳, 刘俊秀, 王甦, 徐庆宣, 邸宁. 东亚小花蝽对温室辣椒及茄子花内西花蓟马的控害作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(2): 264-270.

WANG Jie, ZHANG Chen, ZHU Zhengyang, LIU Junxiu, WANG Su, XU Qingxuan, DI Ning. Control Effects of Orius sauteri on Frankliniella occidentalis in Pepper and Eggplant Flowers in Greenhouses[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(2): 264-270.

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