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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 680-690.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.03.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

防控红火蚁球孢白僵菌饵剂的载体饵料与引诱剂筛选

黄震1, 刘思1, 农向群2, 高琼华1   

  1. 1. 广西农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室/植物科学国家级实验教学示范中心, 广西大学农学院, 南宁 530004;
    2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-17 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 农向群, 高琼华
  • 作者简介:黄震,硕士研究生,E-mail: huangzhen_1437@163.com;通信作者,高琼华,讲师,E-mail: gaoqionghua123@163.com;农向群,研究员,E-mail: xqnong@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD22035176);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1000500);大学生创新创业项目(202210593622)

Screening of Carrier Baits and Attractants with Beauveria bassiana in the Control of Red Imported Fire Ants

HUANG Zhen1, LIU Si1, NONG Xiangqun2, GAO Qionghua1   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agri-Environmental and Agri-Products Safety/National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
    2. Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2024-03-17 Published:2025-06-20

摘要: 红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren是世界上危害性最严重的百种入侵生物之一,对生态系统和人类健康构成严重威胁。球孢白僵菌作为一种有效的生物防控资源,在红火蚁可持续治理中具有抑制种群为害和维护生态安全的双重作用。为了筛选适用于防控红火蚁的球孢白僵菌饵剂的理想载体饵料与引诱剂,本研究对爆裂玉米、小麦、白糯玉米、玉米糁、黄豆等5种植物源饵料及花生油、玉米油、大豆油、橄榄油、蜂蜜、虾粉、鱼粉、火腿肠等8种引诱剂进行了田间引诱效果测试。研究结果显示,植物源饵料小麦和引诱剂花生油对红火蚁的诱集效果最显著,且工蚁对其搬运量最大,表明二者可用作球孢白僵菌饵剂制备的配方基料。进一步优化配方,确定了小麦、花生油和球孢白僵菌孢子粉按35:1:9(w:w)混合的诱饵为防控红火蚁的最佳配方,能有效克服诱饵中球孢白僵菌孢子粉的驱避作用,显著提升诱集效果。研究结果对进一步研制微生物农药球孢白僵菌饵剂提供了必要的基础数据,对于红火蚁的可持续防控具有重要指导意义。

关键词: 红火蚁, 虫生真菌, 球孢白僵菌, 生物防治, 微生物农药

Abstract: The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, is one of the most harmful invasive species worldwide, posing a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. Beauveria bassiana, an effective biological control agent, plays dual roles in inhibiting population damage and maintaining ecological security in sustainable control of red fire ants. To screen for the ideal carrier bait and attractant for the use of B. bassiana in controlling red imported fire ants, this study tested the attractiveness of five plant-based baits (popcorn, wheat, white glutinous corn, corn grits, and soybeans) and eight attractants (peanut oil, corn oil, soybean oil, olive oil, honey, shrimp powder, fish powder, and ham sausage). The results showed that wheat, among the plant-based baits, and peanut oil, among the attractants, had the most significant attraction and elicited the strongest foraging activities in red fire ants, indicating that they can be used as the base materials for preparing B. bassiana bait. By further optimizing the formula, a bait mixture of wheat, peanut oil, and B. bassiana spore powder in a ratio of 35: 1: 9 (w : w) was determined to be the best formula for controlling red imported fire ants, effectively overcoming the repellent effect of B. bassiana spore powder in the bait and significantly enhancing the attraction effect. These findings provide crucial data for the further development of B. bassiana bait as a microbial pesticide and have important implications for sustainable control of red imported fire ants.

Key words: Solenopsis invicta, entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana, biological control, microbial pesticide

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