苯甲醛与苯甲腈对梨小食心虫雌蛾嗅觉反应及诱捕效果的影响

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.01.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta(Busck)是为害蔷薇科果树的重要害虫，寄主植物释放的芳香化合物在雌蛾的产卵寄主定位行为中发挥关键作用，对开发植物源引诱剂具有重要意义。本研究选取苯甲腈、苯甲醛、苯甲酸甲酯、苯乙腈和水杨酸甲酯5种典型芳香化合物，分别配制成5个浓度梯度（0.01、0.1、1、10和100μg/μL），通过触角电位（Electroantennogram,EAG）试验筛选对受孕雌蛾嗅觉反应活性较强的化合物，并进行田间验证。结果表明，雌蛾对10μg/μL浓度的苯甲腈与苯甲醛的EAG反应最强。田间诱捕试验显示，两种化合物的引诱效果均呈现出浓度依赖性变化，其中0.1μg/μL的苯甲腈和1μg/μL的苯甲醛引诱效果最好。总体而言，苯甲醛和苯甲腈在中等浓度范围内（0.1～10μg/μL）具有良好的引诱活性。此外，当两种化合物以适当比例混合使用时，可产生协同增效作用，进一步提高诱捕效果。本研究筛选获得了苯甲醛和苯甲腈吸引梨小食心虫的最佳活性浓度，作为潜在的新型行为调控剂，帮助建立更精准的梨小食心虫嗅觉调控策略。

关键词: 梨小食心虫, 苯甲腈, 苯甲醛, 电生理反应, 诱捕效果, 行为调控

Abstract: Grapholita molesta(Busck) is an important pest of Rosaceae fruit trees. Aromatic compounds released by host plants play a key role in the host location behavior of female moths for oviposition, which have great significance for the development of plant-derived attractants. In this study, five typical aromatic compounds, benzonitrile, benzaldehyde, methyl benzoate, phenylacetonitrile, and methyl salicylate were prepared into five concentration gradients(0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μg/μL) and tested using electroantennogram(EAG) to screen the compounds with strong olfactory response activity to mated female moths, followed by field verification. The results showed that benzonitrile and benzaldehyde elicited the strongest EAG response in female moths at a concentration of 10 μg/μL. Field experiments revealed that the trapping efficiency of benzonitrile and benzaldehyde showed a concentration effect. The maximum number of trapped moths was observed at 0.1 μg/μL for benzaldehyde and 1 μg/μL for benzonitrile. Therefore, both benzaldehyde and benzonitrile show good field attraction efficiency within the moderate concentration range(0.1—10 μg/μL). Their mixture could have a synergistic effect at appropriate proportions to further improve the trapping efficiency. In this study, the optimal active concentrations of benzaldehyde and benzonitrile for attracting G. molesta have been screened out. As potential novel behavioral regulators, they will help establish more precise olfactory regulation strategies for the pest.

Key words: Grapholita molesta, benzonitrile, benzaldehyde, electrophysiological responses, trapping effectiveness, behavioral regulation

中图分类号:

S476

牛国飞, 王琪琳, 韦小雪, 王怡, 李捷, 马瑞燕, 孔维娜. 苯甲醛与苯甲腈对梨小食心虫雌蛾嗅觉反应及诱捕效果的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(4): 838-846.

NIU Guofei, WANG Qilin, WEI Xiaoxue, WANG Yi, LI Jie, MA Ruiyan, KONG Weina. Effects of Benzaldehyde and Benzonitrile on Olfactory Responses and Trapping Efficiency of Grapholita molesta(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Female Moths[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(4): 838-846.

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