杀螨剂对朱砂叶螨的毒力测定和对加州新小绥螨的安全性评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.04.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为评价杀螨剂对朱砂叶螨的毒力和对加州新小绥螨的安全性，本文采用玻片浸渍法、叶片残毒法和浸叶法测定了乙唑螨腈、丁氟螨酯、乙螨唑、哒螨灵、螺螨酯和联苯肼酯对朱砂叶螨的毒力，并对这6种杀螨剂对加州新小绥螨卵孵化率和雌成螨存活率进行了测定。结果表明，6种杀螨剂用叶片残毒法测定的毒力大于玻片浸渍法测定的毒力。朱砂叶螨雌成螨对螺螨酯和乙螨唑不敏感，其余4种杀螨剂都表现出较高的毒性。哒螨灵田间使用剂量显著降低加州新小绥螨雌成螨存活率，10倍田间使用剂量处理24 h后死亡率达100%。乙螨唑和哒螨灵田间使用剂量处理后加州新小绥螨卵仅有1%和0.33%的孵化率。因此，建议应用加州新小绥螨防治害螨时，应尽量避免哒螨灵和乙螨唑的施用。

关键词: 加州新小绥螨, 朱砂叶螨, 杀螨剂, 毒力测定, 安全性评价

Abstract: Toxicity of 6 acaricides B-azolemiteacrylic, cyflumetofen, extoxazole, pyridaben, spirodiclofen and bifenazate to Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval was measured by slide dipping, leaf residual and leaf dipping methods. Their safety to Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) was assessed in terms of female adult survival rate and egg hatching rate of N. californicus. The results showed that toxicities of the 6 acaricides measured by leaf residual were higher than those by slide dipping method. The female adults of T. cinnabarinus were not susceptible to spirodiclofen and extoxazole while the other acaricides showed high toxicity to T. cinnabarinus. The field dose of pyridaben significantly reduced the survival rate of adult N. californicus. The mortality rate of N. californicus treated with 10 times field dose pyridaben was 100%. The hatching rates of N. californicus treated with field dose extoxazole and pyridaben were only 1% and 0.33%, respectively. When using N. californicus to control harmful mites, application of extoxazole and pyridaben should be avoided in the field.

Key words: Neoseiulus californicus, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, acaricides, toxicity bioassay, safety assessment

中图分类号:

S476.2

蒋春先, 田亚静, 李庆, 王海建, 杨群芳. 杀螨剂对朱砂叶螨的毒力测定和对加州新小绥螨的安全性评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(4): 551-557.

JIANG Chunxian, TIAN Yajing, LI Qing, WANG Haijian, YANG Qunfang. Acaricide Toxicity to Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval and Safety to Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor)[J]. Chinese Journal Of Biological Control, 2020, 36(4): 551-557.

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