几种茶园杂草生防菌的分离鉴定

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.02.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为发掘具有防治茶园杂草潜力的生防菌，本研究从江苏、浙江和安徽3省共16个茶园采集感病杂草，采用组织分离法分离出病原菌，通过菌饼回接验证获得了44株具有致病力的植物病原菌，从中筛选出了10株致病性较强的优势菌株。利用柯赫氏法则验证优势菌株后，通过观察优势病原菌的形态特征，结合rDNA—ITS基因片段序列分析，确定10株优势菌株分别为平脐蠕孢属的狗尾草平脐蠕孢Bipolaris setariae、链格孢属的链格孢霉Alternaria alternata、弯孢属的间型弯孢Curvularia intermedia和新月弯孢Curvularia lunata、镰刀属的再育镰刀菌Fusarium proliferatum和木贼镰刀菌Fusarium equiseti、棒孢属的多主棒孢Corynespora cassiicola和茎点霉属的荸荠茎点霉Didymella bellidis，共6属8种的病原真菌。结合作物安全性问题，木贼镰刀菌、再育镰刀菌、狗尾草平脐蠕孢、间型弯孢和新月弯孢5种病原菌被认为具有开发成防除茶园杂草生物除草剂的较好潜力。

关键词: 茶, 病原菌, 分离与鉴定, 生物除草剂

Abstract: To screen out plant pathogens with strong pathogenicity to weeds and high safety to tea plant, the diseased weeds were collected from 16 tea gardens in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces. Forty-four plant pathogens were isolated, thereinto, 10 fungus strains with high pathogenicity were selected and further tested by Koch's postulates. Based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of rDNA−ITS genes, these ten stains were identified as Bipolaris setariae, Alternaria alternata, Curvularia intermedia and C. lunata, Fusarium proliferatum and F. equiseti, Corynespora cassiicola and Didymella bellidis, belonging to 8 different species of pathogenic fungi. Considering crop safety, five candidate strains, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum, B. setariae, C. intermedia and C. lunata, exhibit the good potential for development into bioherbicides in weed control in tea garden.

Key words: tea plant, pathogen, isolation and identification, bioherbicide

中图分类号:

S476

陆俞萍, 肖婉, 房婉萍, 强胜, 陈世国. 几种茶园杂草生防菌的分离鉴定[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(3): 564-574.

LU Yuping, XIAO Wan, FANG Wanping, QIANG Sheng, CHEN Shiguo. Isolation and Identification of Main Weed Pathogens in Tea Garden[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(3): 564-574.

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