异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫幼虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫的捕食功能反应

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.09.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis和龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica对番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta的控害能力。本试验在实验室条件下选取异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫4龄幼虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫(1龄、2龄)的捕食功能反应和搜寻效应进行系统研究。结果表明,异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫4龄幼虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ模型;两种瓢虫的日捕食量与猎物密度在一定范围内呈正相关关系,当猎物密度N→+∞时,异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫对番茄潜叶蛾1、2龄幼虫的理论日最大捕食量Na_max分别为147.06头、140.85头和333.33头、149.25头。异色瓢虫的最高日捕食率达98%,显著高于龟纹瓢虫的最高日捕食率79%。两种瓢虫对番茄潜叶蛾搜寻效应随猎物密度的增大而降低,且异色瓢虫对番茄潜叶蛾的搜寻效应显著高于龟纹瓢虫,异色瓢虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫的最高搜寻效应高于0.90,而龟纹瓢虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫的最高搜寻效应低于0.80。异色瓢虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫的捕食能力稍强于龟纹瓢虫,但两种瓢虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫均有较好捕食作用,可在一定程度上控制低龄幼虫的数量,故可将两种瓢虫作为番茄潜叶蛾重要的生物防治材料加以研究和利用。

关键词: 异色瓢虫, 龟纹瓢虫, 番茄潜叶蛾, 捕食功能

Abstract: The control ability of Harmonia axyridis and Propylea japonica on Tuta absoluta was evaluated by investigating the predatory function and searching responses of the 4^th instar larvae H.axyridis and P.japonica to the young larvae of T.absoluta (1^stand 2^nd instars) under laboratory conditions.The results showed that the predatory functional responses of the 4^th instar larvae H.axyridis and P.japonica to the 1^st and 2^nd instar larvae of T.absoluta conformed to HollingⅡ model;the daily predation of the two ladybirds species was positively correlated with the prey density within a certain range,when the T.absoluta density was N→+∞,the maximum daily predation Na_maxof H.axyridis and P.axyridis to the 1^st instar T.absoluta larvae were 147.06 and 333.33,respectively,and to the 2^nd instar T.absoluta larvae,140.85 and 149.25,respectively.The highest daily predation rate of H.axyridis reached 98%,significantly higher than that of P.axyridis.The searching efficiency of the two ladybirds species on T.absoluta decreased with the increase of prey density,which was higher in H.axyridis than in P.axyridis.The highest searching efficiency of H.axyridis was >0.90,while that of P.axyridis was<0.80.The predatory ability of H.axyridis to low instar larvae of T.absoluta was slightly stronger than that of P.axyridis,but both the ladybirds species afforded high predation and control of young larvae of T.absoluta.The two ladybirds species can be further studied as important biological control agents for control of T.absoluta.

Key words: Harmonia axyridis, Propylea japonica, Tuta absoluta, predation function

中图分类号:

S476.2

杨桂群, 范苇, 张倩, 李貌, 蒋正雄, 段盼, 胡昌雄, 陈国华, 张晓明. 异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫幼虫对番茄潜叶蛾低龄幼虫的捕食功能反应[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(4): 959-966.

YANG Guiqun, FAN Wei, ZHANG Qian, LI Mao, JIANG Zhengxiong, DUAN Pan, HU Changxiong, CHEN Guohua, ZHANG Xiaoming. Predatory Function of Harmonia axyridis and Propylea japonica Larvae to Young Larvae of Tuta absoluta[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(4): 959-966.

参考文献

[1] 张桂芬,马德英,刘万学,等.中国新发现外来入侵害虫——南美番茄潜叶蛾(鳞翅目:麦蛾科)[J].生物安全学报, 2019, 28(3):200-203.
[2] 张桂芬,冼晓青,张毅波,等.警惕南美番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)在中国扩散[J].植物保护, 2020, 46(2):281-286.
[3] 张桂芬,刘万学,万方浩,等.世界毁灭性检疫害虫番茄潜叶蛾的生物生态学及危害与控制[J].生物安全学报, 2018, 27(3):155-163.
[4] 马菲,张俊华,于艳雪,等.番茄麦蛾[J].植物检疫, 2011, 25(5):55-58.
[5] 李晓维,李栋,郭文超,等.番茄潜叶蛾对4种茄科植物的适应性研究[J].植物检疫, 2019, 33(3):1-5.
[6] Campos M R, Biondi A, Adiga A, et al. From the western palaearctic region to beyond:Tuta absoluta 10 years after invading Europe[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2017, 90(3):787-796.
[7] Biondi A, Guedes R N C, Wan F H,et al. Ecology, worldwide spread, and management of the invasive south American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta:past, present, and future[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2018, 63:239-258.
[8] 陆永跃.警惕番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)在我国持续扩散入侵[J].环境昆虫学报, 2021, 43(2):526-528.
[9] 徐进,朱杰华,杨艳丽,等.中国马铃薯病虫害发生情况与农药使用现状[J].中国农业科学, 2019, 52(16):2800-2808.
[10] Zhang G F, Ma D Y, Wang Y S, et al. First report of the South American tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta(Meyrick), in China[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(7):1912-1917.
[11] 阿米热·牙生江,阿地力·沙塔尔,付开赟,等. 9种杀虫剂对番茄潜叶蛾的防治效果评价[J].新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(12):2291-2298.
[12] 马琳,李晓维,王树明,等. 6种杀虫剂对云南地区番茄潜叶蛾的室内毒力测定[A].中国植物保护学会.中国植物保护学会2019年学术年会论文集[C].中国植物保护学会:中国植物保护学会, 2019, 1.
[13] Ingegno B L, Messelink G J, Bodino N,et al. Functional response of the mirid predators Dicyphus bolivari and Dicyphus errans and their efficacy as biological control agents of Tuta absoluta on tomato[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2019, 92:1457-1466.
[14] Jaworski C C, Chailleux A, Bearez P, et al. Apparent competition between major pests reduces pest population densities on tomato crop, but not yield loss[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2015, 88(4):793-803.
[15] Chailleux A, Desneux N, Seguret J, et al. Assessing European egg parasitoids as a mean of controlling the invasive South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta[J]. PLoS ONE, 7:e48068.
[16] Desneux N, Wajnberg E, Wyckhuys K A G, et al. Biological invasion of European tomato crops by Tuta absoluta:ecology, geographic expansion and prospects for biological control[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2010, 83(3):197-215.
[17] 张世泽,花保祯,许向利.龟纹瓢虫捕食玉米蚜的功能反应与寻找效应研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2005(5):85-87, 94.
[18] 赵天璇,袁明龙.我国异色瓢虫的生物生态学特性[J].草业科学, 2017, 34(3):614-629.
[19] 周军辉,李鹏雷,乃吾扎提·祖农,等.龟纹瓢虫对柑橘木虱的捕食功能反应及猎物偏好性[J].植物保护学报, 2020, 47(5):1062-1070.
[20] 蒋骏,张熠玚,王文文,等.龟纹瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾卵和低龄幼虫的捕食作用[J].植物保护, 2020, 46(3):188-193, 219.
[21] 郑欢,王振吉,郑发科.两种瓢虫对刺槐蚜的捕食作用[J].四川动物, 2009, 28(2):225-227.
[22] 喻会平,王召,龙贵云,等.不同虫态异色瓢虫对3种蚜虫的捕食功能反应[J].江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(18):86-90.
[23] 张文秋,郭喜红,侯峥嵘,等.异色瓢虫对豆蚜的捕食功能反应[J].环境昆虫学报, 2014, 36(6):965-970.
[24] 孔琳.四种瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾卵和幼虫的捕食功能研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院, 2020.
[25] 巫鹏翔,马宝旭,徐婧,等.异色瓢虫成虫对枸杞木虱的捕食作用[J].植物保护学报, 2017, 44(4):582-588.
[26] Holling C S. Principles of insect predation[J]. Annual Review of Entomology,1961, 6:163-182.
[27] 孙英,胡昌雄,吴道慧,等.南方小花蝽和黄蓟马的种群动态及捕食功能反应[J].中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(3):451-458.
[28] 闫占峰,张聪,王振营,等.龟纹瓢虫捕食玉米蚜功能反应研究[J].中国生物防治学报, 2012, 28(1):139-142.
[29] Seko T, Miura K. Functional response of the lady beetle Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) on the aphid Myzus persicae(Sulzer)(Homoptera:Aphididae)[J]. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2008, 43(3):341-345.
[30] 李文强,卢增斌,李丽莉,等.麦蚜与龟纹瓢虫在麦田的空间格局分析[J].应用昆虫学报, 2017, 54(4):660-666.
[31] Roubinet E, Birkhofer K, Malsher G, et al. Diet of generalist predators reflects effects of cropping period and farming system on extra-and intraguild prey[J]. Ecological Applications, 2017, 27(4):1167-1177.
[32] 王海诺,耿硕,羿超群,等.异色瓢虫成虫对豌豆修尾蚜的捕食作用[J].湖北农业科学, 2020, 59(10):81-83.
[33] 赵英杰,郑亚强,符成悦,等.异色瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的捕食功能反应[J].植物保护, 2019, 45(5):75-78.
[34] 邱良妙,刘新,占志雄.龟纹瓢虫和四斑月瓢虫对龙眼角颊木虱的捕食功能反应[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2008(3):239-242.
[35] Holling C S. Some characteristics of simple types of predation and parasitism[J]. The Canadian Entomologist, 1959, 91(7):385-398.
[36] 唐良德,李飞,吴建辉,等.六斑月瓢虫捕食不同猎物的功能反应研究[J].中国生物防治学报, 2015, 31(2):202-207.
[37] 武海斌,宫庆涛,陈珍珍,等.噻虫嗪处理的芫菁夜蛾斯氏线虫SF-SN对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的杀虫效果和搜寻效应[J].昆虫学报, 2019, 62(2):222-232.
[38] Lombaert E, Malausa T, Devred R, et al. Phenotypic variation in invasive and biocontrol populations of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis[J]. BioControl, 2008, 53(1):89-102.
[39] Brown P M J, Thomas C E, Lombaert E, et al. The global spread of Harmonia axyridis(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae):distribution, dispersal and routes of invasion[J]. BioControl, 2011, 56(4):623-641.
[40] 王甦,谭晓玲,徐红星,等.三种捕食性瓢虫的种间竞争作用[J].中国农业科学, 2012, 45(19):3980-3987.
[41] 童贤明,马燕,高鹏举,等.北方寒地水稻潜叶蝇发生规律及综合防控技术[J].当代畜牧, 2021(2):61-64.
[42] 杜霞,刘霞,周文武,等.马铃薯块茎蛾生物防治研究进展与展望[J].中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(1):60-69.
[43] 朱三荣,高峰,刘向辉,等.龟纹瓢虫在棉株上对棉蚜的搜索与捕食行为[J].应用生态学报, 2006(2):261-264.
[44] Eubanks M D, Denno R F. Health food versus fast food:the effects of prey quality and mobility on prey selection by a generalist predator and indirect interactions among prey species[J]. Ecological Entomology, 2000, 25(2):140-146.