加拿大一枝黄花总黄酮对尖孢镰刀菌生长抑制效果的研究

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.02.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究加拿大一枝黄花Solidago canadensis（Linnaeus）总黄酮对尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum生长的抑制效果，采用超声法从加拿大一枝黄花花序中提取总黄酮并设定7个处理（0～18 mg/mL），测定其对尖孢镰刀菌甜瓜专化型F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis FOM生长、生理指标的影响及田间防治效果。结果表明：加拿大一枝黄花总黄酮浓度为18 mg/mL时，FOM孢子萌发抑制率达到100.00%；菌丝断裂、畸变；FOM的OD₆₅₀和pH最小，分别为0.18和3.5；其电导率增大，是对照组的1.3倍。此外，加拿大一枝黄花总黄酮处理24 h后，FOM的超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）和过氧化氢酶（catalase, CAT）活性均呈现先上升后下降趋势，18 mg/mL处理组SOD和CAT活性在48 h降至最低，分别为24.69和19.00 U/mL。大田试验结果表明：样区受试作物酥瓜Cucumis melo死亡株数与加拿大一枝黄花总黄酮处理浓度成负效应，表明较高浓度的加拿大一枝黄花总黄酮浇灌重茬种植甜瓜的土壤，可有效抑制FOM生长，减少FOM的致病性。因此，该研究可为合理开发加拿大一枝黄花资源及发展新型绿色植物源FOM防治剂提供理论参考。

关键词: 加拿大一枝黄花, 总黄酮, 尖孢镰刀菌, 生长生理

Abstract: To investigate the inhibitory effect of total flavonoids from Solidago canadensis (Linnaeus) on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, seven treatments of total flavonoids (0—18 mg/mL) extracted from inflorescence of S. canadensis by ultrasonic method were set, and the growth, physiological indexes of F. oxysporum f. sp. Melonis FOM as well as field control effect were determined. The results showed that the inhibition rate of spore germination of FOM reached 100.00%, and hypha broken with distortion, the value of OD₆₅₀ (0.18) and pH (3.5) were the smallest under the treat of 18 mg/mL total flavonoids. However, its electrical conductivity was up to 1.3 times of the control. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in FOM increased first and then decreased after 24 h under gradient concentration of total flavonoids of S. canadensis, and the activities of both enzymes were reduced to 4.69 and 19.00 U/mL at 48 h in 18 mg/mL treatment, respectively. The results of the field experiment showed that the number of dead plants of the test Sugua Cucumis melo had a negative effect on the treatment concentration of total flavonoids of S. canadensis, indicating that the higher concentration of total flavones from S. canadensis irrigated the soil repeated planting could effectively inhibit the growth of FOM and reduce its pathogenicity. Therefore, this study can provide theoretical reference for the rational development of S. canadensis resources and the expansion of new green plant-derived control agents to FOM.

Key words: Solidago canadensis, total flavonoids, Fusarium oxysporum, growth and physiology

中图分类号:

S476

刘玲, 刘海涛, 杨宗赛, 张朝阳, 郑彬清, 林贝佳, 梁晶晶, 王正龙. 加拿大一枝黄花总黄酮对尖孢镰刀菌生长抑制效果的研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(3): 607-614.

LIU Ling, LIU Haitao, YANG Zongsai, ZHANG Chaoyang, ZHENG Binqing, LIN Beijia, LIANG Jingjing, WANG Zhenglong. Research of Inhibitory Effect of Total Flavones from Solidago canadensis (Linnaeus) on Growth of Fusarium oxysporum[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(3): 607-614.

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