木霉复合颗粒剂创制技术与应用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.02.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提高木霉菌剂田间防治玉米病害和增产效果，将腐殖酸钠、硫酸锌肥、井冈霉素水剂与木霉优化组合创制一种复合颗粒剂，以发挥木霉复合颗粒剂中不同组分的协同增效作用、提高应用效果的稳定性。本研究通过孢子繁殖检测、正交设计和酶活分析等方法，明确了不同剂量的腐殖酸钠、硫酸锌肥、井冈霉素水剂及其正交组合对颗粒剂中木霉产孢和几丁质酶及葡聚糖酶活性的影响，以及复合颗粒剂防病增产效果。研究表明：加入单一腐殖酸钠的最佳剂量为： 6.25 g/kg；加入单一硫酸锌肥的最佳剂量为： 18.80 g/kg；加入单一井冈霉素水剂的最佳剂量为： 40 mL/kg。正交试验结果表明：当颗粒剂中同时含有腐殖酸钠、硫酸锌肥、井冈霉素水剂成分时，硫酸锌肥对木霉复合颗粒剂的产孢影响最大，其次是井冈霉素水剂和腐殖酸钠。腐殖酸钠、硫酸锌肥、井冈霉素成分对颗粒剂中的木霉产孢活性有明显的促进作用。木霉复合颗粒剂在田间对玉米茎腐病、纹枯病和穗腐病防效明显，防效在60%以上，增产6%以上。因此创制木霉与有机肥、微量元素、生物源农药的复合制剂对提高木霉菌剂在田间条件下防病增产效果与稳定性具有重要意义。

关键词: 木霉, 腐殖酸钠, 硫酸锌肥, 颗粒剂

Abstract: In order to enhance the control effect against corn disease and improve corn yield by Trichoderma agent, we created a kind of Trichoderma compound granule composed of an optimized combination of sodium humate, zinc sulfate fertilizer and Jinggangmycin AS, thereby exhibiting a synergistic action by different components and stability in use. With spore detection, orthogonal designing and enzyme analysis, the effect of orthogonal combination of sodium humate, zinc sulfate fertilizer and Jinggangmycin AS at different doses on Trichoderma sporulation and activities of chitinase and glucanase as well as the yield increase and disease control were clearly defined. The optimal dosage of humic acid sodium was 6.25 g/kg, single zinc sulfate fertilizer 18.80 g/kg, and Jinggangmycin AS 40 mL/kg. Orthogonal test showed that zinc sulfate fertilizer had the greatest effect on sporulation of Trichoderma complex granules if the granules contained sodium humate, zinc sulfate fertilizer and Jinggangmycin AS. The components of sodium humate, zinc sulfate fertilizer and Jinggangmycin AS in Trichoderma compound granules can significantly promote the sporulation activity of Trichoderma in the granules. Trichoderma compound granules have obvious control effects against corn stalk rot, sheath blight and ear rot, with the efficiency over 60%, and the yields were increased more than 6%. Therefore, it is of great significance to prepare Trichoderma compound granules containing organic fertilizer and trace elements particularly when the compound granule was used in field condition with a stable control effect on corn diseases and increasing corn yield.

Key words: Trichoderma, sodium humate, zinc sulfate fertilizer, granule

中图分类号:

S476

陈路生, 吴晓儒, 白真旭, 王靖, 贺字典, 杨从州, 陈捷. 木霉复合颗粒剂创制技术与应用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2024, 40(4): 874-883.

CHEN Lusheng, WU Xiaoru, BAI Zhenxu, WANG Jing, HE Zidian, YANG Congzhou, CHEN Jie. Preparation of Trichoderma Compound Granule and Its Application[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2024, 40(4): 874-883.

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