一株合欢枯萎病拮抗菌的分离鉴定及盆栽防治试验

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.02.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 合欢枯萎病是导致多年生合欢衰弱和死亡的主要因素之一，目前尚无有效的防治手段。本研究通过平板对峙法和含毒培养基法分离筛选健康合欢植株根际土壤中的潜在拮抗菌，结合形态学特征和双基因系统发育分析对拮抗菌进行鉴定，并通过盆栽试验验证拮抗菌株对合欢枯萎病的防治效果。结果表明，经过初筛得到11株对合欢枯萎病具有潜在拮抗作用的菌株，其中菌株5-2的抑制作用最为显著。对峙培养6d，菌株5-2对尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum和腐皮镰刀菌Fusarium solani的抑制率分别为76.88%和84.08%，两种病原菌在含6.67%拮抗菌孢悬液（孢子浓度1.0×10⁷个/mL）的平板上生长均受到显著抑制。显微观察发现菌株5-2可缠绕病原菌菌丝体并寄生生长，盆栽试验表明菌株5-2对尖孢镰刀菌和腐皮镰刀菌具有优良的拮抗作用，防治效果达78.26%和57.89%。通过形态学和ITS-TEF1双基因系统发育分析，菌株5-2鉴定为康宁木霉Trichoderma koningii。综上所述，菌株5-2对合欢枯萎病具有良好的防治效果，可作为合欢枯萎病生防菌剂的候选菌株资源。

关键词: 合欢枯萎病, 拮抗菌, 康宁木霉, 防治效果

Abstract: Albizzia julibrissin wilt is one of the major factors that trigger the weakness and death of A. julibrissin, and there are no efficient approaches for preventing this disease at present. In this study, plate confrontation and toxic medium method have been used to isolate potential antagonists from the rhizosphere soil of A. Julibrissin. The antagonistic fungus was identified based on morphological characteristics and combined ITS-TEF1 phylogenetic analysis, and the pot experiment was conducted to verify the efficacy of the antagonistic strains against A. Julibrissin wilt. The result showed that 11 potential antagonists were collected from rhizosphere soil, and 5-2 has the highest inhibitory effect. After six days of confrontation, the inhibition rate of 5-2 on Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani were 76.88% and 84.08%, respectively, and the two pathogens can hardly grow on the plate containing 6.67% concentration of 5-2 spore suspension (1.0×10⁷ spore/mL). Microscopic observation showed that 5-2 could entangle the mycelium of A. Julibrissin wilt pathogen and parasitic growth. Pot experiment showed that strain 5-2 had good antagonistic effect on F. oxysporum and F. solani with the control efficacies of 78.26% and 57.89%, respectively. Combined with morphological characteristics and ITS-TEF1 phylogenetic analysis, strain 5-2 was identified as Trichoderma koningii. These results indicate that T. koningii (strain no. 5-2) has positive effect on preventing and treating Fusarium wilt, and could be used as a candidate strain for biological control of A. Julibrissin wilt disease.

Key words: Albizzia julibrissin wilt, antagonistic fungus, Trichoderma koningii, control efficacy

中图分类号:

S476

蔡悦, 唐小飞, 胡婷, 葛春梅, 阮班锋. 一株合欢枯萎病拮抗菌的分离鉴定及盆栽防治试验[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(2): 397-406.

CAI Yue, TANG Xiaofei, HU Ting, GE Chunmei, RUAN Banfeng. Isolation and Identification of Antagonistic Fungus against Albizzia Julibrissin Wilt and Pot Control Experiment[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(2): 397-406.

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