赤眼蜂不同品系对亚洲玉米螟的田间防治效果

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.07.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 赤眼蜂是玉米生产上防治玉米螟的重要天敌，中国是世界上利用赤眼蜂进行玉米螟生物防治面积最大的国家，但赤眼蜂不同品种或品系之间，其生防效果相差较大。本试验以实验室筛选出的对亚洲玉米螟卵寄生效果好的玉米螟赤眼蜂湖北品系、陕西品系、山东品系和松毛虫赤眼蜂吉林品系等2种赤眼蜂的4个品系连续两年进行田间放蜂防治亚洲玉米螟试验。结果表明，玉米螟赤眼蜂湖北品系的生防效果最好，两年的平均防效为68.31%，其次是玉米螟赤眼蜂陕西品系和山东品系，分别为63.03%和62.32%，防治效果最低的是松毛虫赤眼蜂吉林品系，仅为47.07%。供试的4个赤眼蜂品系对玉米螟的卵粒寄生率、卵块寄生率、百株虫量、被害株减退率，虫口减退率，蛀孔减退率等存在显著性差异，本研究以期为玉米螟的生物防治提供科学数据支撑。

关键词: 亚洲玉米螟, 赤眼蜂, 生物防治, 防治效果

Abstract: Trichogramma is the important natural enemies to control corn borer in corn production. China is the country with the largest area of biological control of corn borer using Trichogramma in the world. However, the control efficiency with different Trichogramma species or strains varies significantly. In this experiment, four Trichogramma strains from two species, i.e., Hubei strain, Shaanxi strain, and Shandong strain of T. ostriniae and Jilin strain of T. dendrolimi screened in laboratory with high performance for parasitizing Asian corn borer eggs were employed for field release in consecutive 2 years. Results showed that the control with Hubei strain of T. ostriniae was the best, with average control efficiency of 68.31%, followed by Shaanxi strain and Shandong strain of T. ostriniae, with control efficiency of 63.03% and 62.32%, respectively. Jilin strain of T. dendrolimi had the lowest control, with control efficiency of 47.07%. There were significant differences among the four Trichogramma strains in the parasitic rates of eggs and egg masses, number of corn borer larvae per hundred plants, decrease rates of damaged plants, corn borer larvae and the boring holes. The results may shed light on the biological control of the Asian corn borer.

Key words: Ostrinia furnacalis, Trichogramma, biological control, control effect

中图分类号:

S476.3

胡尊瑞, 段彦丽, 展昭凤, 高乐, 汤久杨, 王振营, 吴晓云, 田家铭. 赤眼蜂不同品系对亚洲玉米螟的田间防治效果[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(1): 134-142.

HU Zunrui, DUAN Yanli, ZHAN Zhaofeng, GAO Le, TANG Jiuyang, WANG Zhenying, WU Xiaoyun, TIAN Jiaming. Control of the Asian Corn Borer Ostrinia furnacalis Using Different Strains of Trichogramma in the Field[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(1): 134-142.

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