星天牛生物防治研究进展

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2019.01.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 星天牛Anoplophora chinensis Forster为亚洲本土的林木钻蛀性害虫，近年来已入侵到一些欧洲国家，被列为重要的国际检疫对象。本文综述了国内外有关星天牛的自然天敌种类及其人工利用的研究进展。我国古代曾用黄猄蚁Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius防治危害柑橘树的星天牛，近年来开展了野外释放天敌昆虫花绒寄甲Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire成虫和卵卡防治星天牛的实践，都取得了较好的防治效果。川硬皮肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao对星天牛低龄幼虫具有一定的控制作用，天牛卵长尾啮小蜂Aprostocetus fukutai Miwa&Sonan显示出了良好的生物防治利用前景，在意大利对星天牛的卵寄生率最高达72%。一些欧洲本地拟寄生蜂种类，如柄腹茧蜂Spathius erythrocephalus Wesmael也可寄生入侵当地的星天牛自然种群。此外，利用昆虫病原微生物控制星天牛，也具有较好的防治前景，如用布氏白僵菌Beauveria brongniartii Petch制成的无纺布菌条已经在日本开发成为一种商品，真菌侵染可引起天牛高致死率。昆虫病原线虫夜蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema feltiae Filipjev和小卷蛾斯氏线虫S.carpocapsae Weiser也具有作为生物杀虫剂用于控制星天牛幼虫的开发前景。本文还讨论了目前星天牛生物防治中存在的不足及其原因，展望了今后研究的重点和方向。

关键词: 星天牛, 生物防治, 拟寄生蜂, 昆虫病原真菌, 昆虫病原线虫

Abstract: Citrus longhorned beetle, Anoplophora chinensis Forster (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae), a native wood borer in Asian countries, has invaded some European countries recently and has been listed as an important international quarantine pest. Here we summarized the natural enemies of A. chinensis and research progress of their utilization in biological control in the world including China. Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius was used to control A. chinensis on citrus trees in ancient China and Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire adults and egg cards have been released in field against A. chinensis in recent years. Both practices have achieved promising control effects. Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao exhibits a certain role in the control of A. chinensis young larvae. Aprostocetus fukutai Miwa & Sonan shows a great prospect in the artificial utilization as biological control agent, its parasitism of A. chinensis eggs in Italy is as high as 72%. Some native European parasitoid species, e.g. Spathius erythrocephalus Wesmael, also have the ability to parasitize natural population of A. chinensis. In addition, the use of entomopathogens to control A. chinensis also has a great potential. For example, non-woven fabrics soaked with Beauveria brongniartii Petch have already been developed as a commercial product in Japan, which can cause high mortality of A. chinensis. Parasitic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev and S. carpocapsae Weiser, also have a potential to be developed as bio-insecticides in management of A. chinensis larvae. The current problems in the biological control practices of A. chinensis and the associated causes, as well as the research emphasis and direction in the future, were also discussed.

Key words: citrus longhorned beetle, biological control, parasitoid, entomopathogenic fungus, parasitic nematode

中图分类号:

S476

张宇凡, 王小艺. 星天牛生物防治研究进展[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2019, 35(1): 134-145.

ZHANG Yufan, WANG Xiaoyi. Advances in Biological Control of Anoplophora chinensis Forster[J]. journal1, 2019, 35(1): 134-145.

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