变温和冷驯化对果蝇锤角细蜂生长发育的影响

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.07.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 果蝇锤角细蜂是一种重要的斑翅果蝇蛹期寄生蜂，寄生斑翅果蝇后在寄主蛹内完成发育，进而实现对斑翅果蝇的防治。低温作为一种实用性较强的天敌贮藏处理方法，在延长天敌货架期方面发挥重要作用。以羽化率和性比为衡量指标，本文对变温贮藏和低温贮藏前的快速冷驯化对果蝇锤角细蜂生长发育的影响进行研究。变温试验结果表明，4龄幼虫期经变温T5处理贮藏10 d（72.62%）和15 d（65.99%）后果蝇锤角细蜂的羽化率与对照（76.64%）无显著差异。相同温度下，4龄幼虫期果蝇锤角细蜂经各处理后的羽化率随着贮藏时间的延长而下降。相同贮藏时间下，4龄幼虫期果蝇锤角细蜂经变温处理的羽化率显著高于同温度的持续恒温处理。同一变温处理经不同时间贮藏后羽化成蜂的性比间均不存在差异。冷驯化试验结果表明，4龄幼虫期和1龄蛹期果蝇锤角细蜂经冷驯化后的羽化率与对照无显著差异。在贮藏10 d和15 d时，4龄幼虫期果蝇锤角细蜂经冷驯化后羽化成蜂的性比显著高于直接进行低温贮藏的结果与对照。相同贮藏温度下，4龄幼虫期和1龄蛹期果蝇锤角细蜂经冷驯化后羽化成蜂的性比不随贮藏时间的延长而显著变化。研究结果可为果蝇锤角细蜂的低温变温贮藏和低温贮藏前的快速冷驯化提供参考，为天敌昆虫货架期的延长提供重要依据。

关键词: 斑翅果蝇, 果蝇锤角细蜂, 低温贮藏, 变温, 冷驯化

Abstract: Trichopria drosophilae is an important parasitoid in pupal stage of Drosophila suzukii. After parasitizing D. suzukii, T. drosophilae develops in host pupae, so as to realize the control of D. suzukii. As a practical storage and treatment method for natural enemies, low temperature plays an important role in extending the shelf life of natural enemies. Using emergence rate and sex ratio as indexes, the effects of variable temperature and rapid cold hardening on cold storage of T. drosophilae were studied. The results of variable temperature test showed that there was no significant difference in emergence rate of T. drosophilae between treatment and control group (76.64%) after storage with T5 at 4^th instar larvae stage for 10 (72.62%) and 15 days (65.99%). Under the same temperature, the emergence rate of 4^th instar larval T. drosophilae decreased with the extension of storage time. Under the same torage time, the emergence rate of 4^th instar larval T. drosophilae was significantly higher than that under constant temperature treatment. There was no difference in sex ratio of emerging adults after the same variable temperature treatment and different storage time. The rapid cold hardening experiment showed that there was no significant difference in the emergence rate of 4^th instar larval and 1 day old pupal T. drosophilae after cold hardening. At 10 and 15 days of storage, the sex ratio of 4^th instar larval T. drosophilae with rapid cold hardening was significantly higher than that of the control and direct cold storage. At the same storage temperature, the sex ratio of 4^th instar larval and 1 day old pupal T. drosophilae emerged after rapid cold hardening did not change significantly with the extension of storage time. The results of this study can provide a reference for low temperature storage and rapid cold hardening before low temperature storage, and provide an important basis for extending the shelf life of natural enemy insects.

Key words: Drosophila suzukii, Trichopria drosophilae, cold storage, variable temperature, cold hardening

中图分类号:

S433
S477+.1

张沁园, 刘旭祥, 陈俊, 吴雨虹, 许炜杰, 凡庆文, 杨永棒, 陈湜, 季清娥. 变温和冷驯化对果蝇锤角细蜂生长发育的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(2): 251-259.

ZHANG Qinyuan, LIU Xuxiang, CHEN Jun, WU Yuhong, XU Weijie, FAN Qingwen, YANG Yongbang, CHEN Shi, JI Qinge. Effect of Variable Temperature and Rapid Cold Hardening on Growth and Development of Trichopria drosophilae[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(2): 251-259.

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