长枝木霉菌与黄曲霉菌互作期间基因表达谱分析

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了揭示木霉菌拮抗黄曲霉菌生长的分子机制，以互作期间长枝木霉菌和黄曲霉菌的菌落为样本，采用ELISA方法分析细胞壁降解酶、抗氧化酶等的活性变化；应用RNA-seq技术，分析两种菌互作时差异表达的基因、影响的生物学过程。结果显示，处于相同环境条件下，长枝木霉菌生长较快，对黄曲霉菌的平板抑制率为81.1%；互作期间，长枝木霉菌的纤维素酶、几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性增加，黄曲霉菌中超氧化物岐化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）、过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）和过氧化物酶（peroxidase，POD）活性被抑制及丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量增加。经转录组学分析，与对照组相比，互作早、中和晚期黄曲霉菌差异表达基因分别为2202、755和789个，长枝木霉菌中差异表达基因各有8507、3055和1363个；从中筛选出11个互作的候选基因，主要涉及细胞壁合成、细胞膜通透性、氧化还原反应等生物学过程。本文结果表明，长枝木霉菌通过上调自身的细胞壁和细胞膜降解酶、下调黄曲霉菌的热休克蛋白基因表达等途径，抑制黄曲霉菌的抗氧化系统，拮抗黄曲霉菌的生长。研究结果可为黄曲霉菌的生防技术奠定理论基础。

关键词: 长枝木霉菌, 黄曲霉菌, 拮抗作用, 转录组学, 酶活性

Abstract: To clarify the molecular antagonistic mechanism of Trichoderma inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus flavus, colonies of T. longibrachiatum and A. flavus were collected during their interaction periods, and the enzymes activities to degrade cell wall and antioxidant were detected via ELISA. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the biological processes were further analyzed during the interaction between two fungi using RNA-seq method. The results indicated that the colonies growth rates of T. longibrachiatum were significantly faster with a plate inhibiting rate against A. flavus of 81.1% at the same environment. T. longibrachiatum generated larger amounts of cellulase, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were suppressed, while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was boosted in A. flavus. Compared with control groups, those DEGs were detected to be 2202, 755 and 789 in A. flavus, and 8507, 3055 and 1363 in T. longibrachiatum at early, middle and late stages, respectively. And eleven pivotal interacting candidate genes were screened based on the transcriptomic analysis. These candidate genes are mainly involved in biological processes such as cell wall synthesis, cell membrane permeability, redox reaction, etc. It suggested that T. longibrachiatum could inhibit the effects of antioxidant system and antagonize the growth of A. flavus by up-regulating genes coding for enzymes to degrade cell wall and cell membrane, and by inhibiting the expression of heat shock protein genes in A. flavus. The results would provide a theoretical foundation to take T. longibrachiatum as a biocontrol resource against A. flavus and the production of aflatoxin.

Key words: Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Aspergillus flavus, antagonistic effects, transcriptomics, enzyme activity

中图分类号:

S476

漆婷, 汪辛宇, 黄世会, 胡冯彬, 徐婷婷, 梁才康, 吴丽娟, 牛熙, 冉雪琴, 王嘉福. 长枝木霉菌与黄曲霉菌互作期间基因表达谱分析[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(2): 321-334.

QI Ting, WANG Xinyu, HUANG Shihui, HU Fengbin, XU Tingting, LIANG Caikang, WU Lijuan, NIU Xi, RAN Xueqin, WANG Jiafu. Analyses of Transcriptome Expression Profiles during Interaction between Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Aspergillus flavus[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(2): 321-334.

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