水稻稻瘟病拮抗稀有放线菌的筛选及防治效果

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.02.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为获得对水稻稻瘟病菌具有良好抑菌效果的稀有放线菌，从红豆杉根际土壤样品中分离获得11株放线菌，筛选出对水稻稻瘟病菌抑菌效果最好的菌株ST7—2，抑菌率为79.88%，经形态特征、生理生化特征观察和16S rRNA、recA、gyrB、rpoB序列分析，确定菌株ST7—2为杀结节链霉菌Streptomyces tubercidicus。菌株ST7—2对水稻稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae、大豆炭疽病菌Colletotrichum truncatum、芦笋茎枯病菌Phomopsis asparagi、水稻稻曲病菌Ustilaginoidea virens、蘑菇褐腐病菌Mycogone perniciosa共5种病原真菌具有较好的抑菌效果。室内盆栽试验结果表明，菌株ST7—2发酵液对水稻苗瘟防效为82.76%，与75%三环唑可湿性粉剂1700倍无显著性差异；田间小区试验结果显示，发酵液对水稻穗颈瘟防效为73.57%，比75%三环唑WP 1700倍的防效略低。因此，杀结节链霉菌ST7—2是防治水稻稻瘟病的潜在生防菌株，生防应用前景广阔。

关键词: 稀有放线菌, 水稻, 稻瘟病菌, 拮抗作用, 分类鉴定

Abstract: To screen the rare actinomycetes with good antifungal effect against the Magnaporthe oryzae. Actinomycetes were isolated from rhizosphere soil of Taxus chinensis. The results showed that a total of 11 strains of actinomycetes were isolated. Strain ST7−2 showed the best inhibitory effect on M. oryzae, and the inhibitory rate was 79.88%. ST7−2 was identified as Streptomyces tubercidicus combining 16S rRNA, recA, gyrB, rpoB sequence analysis, and the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. In addition, ST7−2 displayed good effects on Magnaporthe oryzae, Colletotrichum truncatum, Phomopsis asparagi, Ustilaginoidea virens and Mycogone perniciosa. The control effect of fermentation broth against seeding blast was 82.76% under the greenhouse, which showed no significant difference with that of 75% tricyclazole wettable powder 1700 fold. In field trials, the control effect of fermentation broth was 73.57%, which was slightly less effective than 75% tricyclazole WP. Therefore, S. tubercidicus ST7−2 is a potential biocontrol strain against rice blast, and show a wild prospect for development and application in the future.

Key words: rare actinomycetes, rice, Magnaporthe oryzae, antifungal effect, taxonomic identification

中图分类号:

S435.11
S476

阮宏椿, 石妞妞, 杜宜新, 陈福如. 水稻稻瘟病拮抗稀有放线菌的筛选及防治效果[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(3): 538-546.

RUAN Hongchun, SHI Niuniu, DU Yixin, CHEN Furu. Screening and Control Effect of Rare Antagonistic Actinomycetes against Rice Blast[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(3): 538-546.

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