Developmental and Reproductive Aspects of Parasitoid Wasp, Orgilus ischnus and Its Bio-control Potentials to Loxostege sticticalis

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2016.04.001

Abstract

Abstract: Orgilus ischnus Marshall (Hymenoptera: Brachonidae) is a parasitoid of early instar larval of beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis L.. To explore the biological characteristics and bio-control potentials of O. ischnus, the developmental duration, cocoon weight, reproductive behavior and potential, and longevity of O. ischnus were investigated using the 1st instar larval L. sticticalis as host under laboratory conditions (23 ℃, 16L: 8D). The functional response and parasitism rate of the O. ischnus were analyzed at 8 densities from 5 to 40 host larvae per 650 mL/jar. The weight of the food consumed by the host larvae, the body weight and the size of the host larvae were compared with the un-parasitized ones. The results showed that the developmental period of egg and larvae, pre-pupae and pupae, and whole generation of the wasp was 12.8, 10.5 and 23.2 days, respectively. The cocoon average weight of the wasp was 4.1 mg. The wasp was a kind of synovigeny parasitoid, could mate immediately after emergence and oviposite soon after mating. The mating time was 49 s in average. The ovipositing peak happened at the first 4 days and the eighth day in the wasp life. The egg laying number per female in whole lifetime was about 100.5 in average. The longevity of female and male wasps was 11 and 14 days, respectively. The number of the host parasitized by O. ischnus increased as the host density increased while the actual parasitic rate decreased with the increase of host density, which fitted with Holling type Ⅱ. The weight of the food consumed by the parasitized larva was 106.7 mg, only accounting for 21.3% of the normal larvae. The body weight and size of the parasitized larva were significantly less than that of the normal larva at the 6th and 12th day after parasitizing. This review makes clear the biological characteristics of O. ischnus, and demonstrates the wasp is an effective parasitoid of early stages of larval L. sticticalis, provides technical support to improve the sustainable controlling of L. sticticalis.

Key words: Orgilus ischnus, Loxostege sticticalis, biological characteristics, parasitism, functional responses

CLC Number:

S476.3

DU Qin, CHENG Yunxia, LUO Lizhi, LEI Chaoliang, JIANG Xingfu, ZHANG Lei. Developmental and Reproductive Aspects of Parasitoid Wasp, Orgilus ischnus and Its Bio-control Potentials to Loxostege sticticalis[J]. journal1, 2016, 32(4): 421-427.

References

[1] 罗礼智, 李光博, 曹雅忠. 草地螟第3个猖獗为害周期已经来临[J]. 植物保护, 1996, 22(5): 50-51.
[2] 罗礼智, 张红杰, 康爱国. 张家口1997年一代草地螟幼虫大发生原因分析[J]. 自然灾害学报, 1998, 7(3): 158-164.
[3] 罗礼智, 黄绍哲, 江幸福, 等. 我国2008年草地螟大发生特征及成因分析[J]. 植物保护, 2009, 35(1): 27-33.
[4] 李红, 罗礼智, 胡毅, 等. 主要天敌种类对苜蓿地草地螟种群的调控作用//成卓敏主编. 植物保护与现代农业[M]. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2007, 897.
[5] 李红. 草地螟幼虫寄生天敌种类、寄生率及其影响因子的研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2008.
[6] 田晓霞. 草地螟寄生蜂及其对寄主种群的控制作用[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2010.
[7] 田晓霞, 罗礼智, 胡毅, 等. 我国首次发现草地螟卵寄生蜂——暗黑赤眼蜂[J]. 植物保护, 2010, 36(3): 152-154.
[8] 陈海霞, 罗礼智. 双斑截尾寄蝇对寄主种类及草地螟幼虫龄期和寄生部位的选择性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2007, 50(11): 1129-1134.
[9] 陈海霞, 张蕾, 罗礼智. 双斑截尾寄蝇成虫生物学特性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2008, 51(12): 1313-1319.
[10] 李红, 罗礼智, 胡毅, 等. 伞裙追寄蝇和双斑截尾寄蝇对草地螟的寄生特性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2008, 51(10): 1089-1093.
[11] 李红, 罗礼智. 草地螟的寄生蝇种类、寄生方式及其对寄主种群的调控作用[J]. 昆虫学报, 2007, 50(8): 840-849.
[12] 孔海龙, 程云霞, 罗礼智, 等. 草地螟幼虫饲养密度对伞裙追寄蝇寄生效率的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2013, 29(3): 450-454.
[13] 王建梅, 刘爱萍, 高书晶, 等. 草地螟曲阿格姬蜂的寄生功能反应[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2013, 29(3): 338-343.
[14] 陈学新, 何俊华, 马云. 中国动物志, 昆虫纲(第三十七卷)膜翅目: 茧蜂科(二)[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004, 384-385.
[15] Farahani S, Talebi A A, van Achterberg C, et al. A taxonomic study of orgilinae and microtypinae from Iran (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)[J]. Spixiana, 2014, 37(1): 93-102.
[16] Belokobylskij S A, Taeger A. The species of the genus Orgilus Haliday from the Russian Far East (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Contributions to the knowledge of East Palaearctic insects(3)[J]. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 1996, 46(1): 137-158.
[17] 罗礼智, 李光博. 草地螟的有效积温及其世代区的划分[J]. 昆虫学报, 1993, 36(3): 332-339.
[18] 丁岩钦. 天敌-害虫作用系统中的数学模型及其主要参数的估计: 捕食者-猎物系统中主要参数的估计[J]. 昆虫知识, 1983, 20(6): 284-287.
[19] 郭玉杰. 捕食作用中的功能反应模型[J]. 生物防治通报, 1993, 9(1): 40-45.
[20] 罗礼智, 刘大海, 张蕾. 草地螟幼虫取食量、头宽、体长及体重的测定[J]. 植物保护, 2008, 34(6): 32-36.
[21] Jervis M A, Heimpel G E, Ferns P N, et al. Life-history strategies in parasitoid wasps: a comparative analysis of ‘ovigeny’[J]. Journal of Animal Ecology, 2001, 70(3): 442-458.