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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 125-134.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.01.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

禾谷镰刀菌拮抗菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AX-3的分离鉴定及拮抗物质的鉴定

徐丽梅1,2, 赫丹2, 王刚2, 徐圣佳1,2, 史建荣2, 徐剑宏1,2   

  1. 1. 南京农业大学生命科学学院/农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室, 南京 210095;
    2. 江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地/农业农村部农产品质量安全控制技术与标准重点实验室/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(南京)/江苏省现代粮食 流通与安全协同创新中心/江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-16 出版日期:2020-02-08 发布日期:2020-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 徐剑宏,教授,E-mail:xujianhongnj@126.com
  • 作者简介:徐丽梅,硕士研究生,E-mail:1157810106@qq.com;赫丹,实习研究员,E-mail:danhe58@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技创新基金(CX(17)1003);国家自然科学基金(31872914,U1604234);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200500)

Isolation, Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria AX-3 against Fusarium graminearum and Identification of Its Antagonistic Substance

XU Limei1,2, HE Dan2, WANG Gang2, XU Shengjia1,2, SHI Jianrong2, XU Jianhong1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
    2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation(Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
  • Received:2019-04-16 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-02-26

摘要: 禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum可引起小麦赤霉病,该病严重威胁我国小麦的质量安全。本研究从生物防治的角度出发,分离筛选拮抗菌,研究拮抗菌的拮抗特性和拮抗能力。试验采用系列稀释法和平板对峙法从小麦样品中分离筛选获得禾谷镰刀菌拮抗菌AX-3,根据16S rDNA基因、gyrB基因序列构建的系统发育进化树以及生理生化特性结果,菌株AX-3被鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。通过平板对峙法测定拮抗谱,结果显示AX-3对多种镰刀菌属病原真菌都具有良好的拮抗特性,抑菌圈半径为17~32 mm,表明AX-3具有广谱的拮抗性能。采用柱层析及制备液相色谱法对AX-3中的拮抗物质进行分离纯化,然后使用高分辨质谱及核磁共振的方法对拮抗物质进行结构鉴定表明,解淀粉芽胞杆菌AX-3产生的一种抗菌物质为macrolactin A。

关键词: 禾谷镰刀菌, 解淀粉芽胞杆菌, 拮抗物质

Abstract: Fusarium graminearum can cause Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) which seriously threatens the quality and safety of wheat in China. In this study, from the perspective of biological control, we want to isolate antagonistic bacteria, study the antagonistic characteristics and use it in the biological control of FHB. Antagonistic AX-3 against Fusarium graminearum was isolated from wheat samples by serial dilution and confrontation culture. According to phylogenetic tree constructed by 16S rDNA gene and gyrB gene sequences and physiological and biochemical characteristics, strain AX-3 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The antagonistic spectrum of AX-3 was studied by confrontation culture, and the results showed that strain AX-3 had strong antagonistic activities against many species of Fusarium pathogens, and its bacteriostatic circle radius is 150-280 mm, which indicating that AX-3 had broad-spectrum antagonistic properties. The antagonists in the strain AX-3 were separated and purified by column chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography, and then their structures were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results showed that one of the antagonistic substances produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AX-3 was macrolactin A.

Key words: Fusarium graminearum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, antagonistic substance

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