生防细菌PA2101和PG3402抑菌和促生特性的研究

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以本实验室分离的在烟草生产上具有较大生防潜力的铜绿假单胞杆菌PA2101和格拉纳达假单胞杆菌PG3402为对象，测定了这2株细菌的抑菌活性及促生特性。试验结果表明，菌株PA2101和PG3402对烟草根腐病、烟草赤星病、小麦纹枯病、芝麻茎点枯病和地黄轮纹病等多种作物常见病害的病原菌具有较强的拮抗作用；2株菌株的无菌发酵滤液能使烟草疫霉和根串珠霉菌丝生长畸形、抑制根串珠霉分生孢子的萌发。菌株PA2101和PG3402产生对2种病原菌有抑制作用的挥发性物质。抑菌特性检测结果表明，菌株PA2101和PG3402均能产生蛋白酶、纤维素酶和β-1，3-葡聚糖酶等胞外酶，PA2101还能分泌几丁质酶。另外，2株菌株能合成抑菌活性物质氢氰酸（HCN）。抗生素合成基因检测结果发现，菌株PA2101和PG3402均包含吩嗪-1-羧酸（Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid，PCA）合成基因，PG3402还含有2，4-二乙酰基间苯三酚（2，4-diacetylphloroglucinal，DAPG）合成基因。促生物质的检测结果表明，菌株PA2101和PG3402均可产生嗜铁素和生长素（IAA），且具备溶磷特性。综上所述，菌株PA2101和PG3402抑菌谱较广，产生多种抑菌和促生物质，含有合成PCA和DAPG的基因，可用于烟草病害的防控。

关键词: 生防细菌, 抑菌活性, 抑菌特性, 促生机制

Abstract: We investigated the antimicrobial activity, inhibition and plant-growth-promoting characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA2101 and Pseudomonas granadensis PG3402 with great biocontrol potential for tobacco in our laboratory. The results showed that PA2101 and PG3402 greatly inhibited Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Macrophomina phaseolina and Phoma herbarum. The fermentation filtrates of the two bacteria caused the abnormal hyphal growth of Phytophthora nicotianae and Thielaviopsis basicola, as well as inhibited spore germination of T. basicola. They could produce volatile substances with inhibitory activity against P. nicotianae and T. basicola. Both bacteria were detected to be able to produce protease, cellulose and β-1,3-glucanase. Meanwhile, PA2101 was detected to be able to secrete chitinase. Both could synthesize HCN and harbored the genes for synthesis of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA). PG3402 had the genes for synthesis of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinal (DAPG). It was found that PA2101 and PG3402 could produce siderophores and IAA, and that they had the characteristic of solubilizing phosphorus. To sum up, the two bacteria PA2101 and PG3402 have a broad antimicrobial spectrum, and can inhibit the growth of P. nicotianae and T. basicola. They can produce a variety of inhibition and plant growth promoting substances, which also contain specific antibiotic genes, indicating that PA2101 and PG3402 have multiple biocontrol functions and that they can be used for prevention of tobacco disease.

Key words: biocontrol bacteria, antimicrobial activity, inhibition characterization, plant-growth-promoting mechanism

中图分类号:

S476

千慧敏, 赵辉, 刘新涛, 倪云霞, 邱睿, 李小杰, 赵新贝, 李淑君, 刘红彦, 文艺. 生防细菌PA2101和PG3402抑菌和促生特性的研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(1): 135-144.

QIAN Huimin, ZHAO Hui, LIU Xintao, NI Yunxia, QIU Rui, LI Xiaojie, ZHAO Xinbei, LI Shujun, LIU Hongyan, WEN Yi. Studies on Antibacterial and Plant-Growth-Promoting Characterization in Biocontrol Bacterial Strains PA2101 and PG3402[J]. Chinese Journal Of Biological Control, 2020, 36(1): 135-144.

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