六斑月瓢虫对普通大蓟马的捕食功能反应

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 普通大蓟马是豆科植物上最主要的害虫，六斑月瓢虫是广泛存在于我国南方农田生态系统中的一种重要捕食性天敌。为明确六斑月瓢虫对普通大蓟马的捕食作用和生物防治潜能，本研究测定了六斑月瓢虫对普通大蓟马的捕食功能反应、寻找效应和捕食选择性。结果表明，六斑月瓢虫对普通大蓟马的捕食量在一定范围内随着猎物密度增加而增加，其捕食功能反应可拟合Holling Ⅱ和HollingⅢ功能反应模型。而且，六斑月瓢虫成虫捕食量高于幼虫，幼虫中捕食量随着龄期增大而增加。六斑月瓢虫各龄期幼虫和成虫对普通大蓟马的寻找效应均随猎物密度增加而降低。选择性试验显示，六斑月瓢虫对不同虫态的普通大蓟马捕食偏好不同，六斑月瓢虫幼虫和成虫均偏好捕食普通大蓟马若虫，其选择系数大于1，对伪蛹的选择次之，对普通大蓟马成虫的选择系数最低，小于1。同时，我们评估了豆蚜和普通大蓟马共存时，种间干扰对六斑月瓢虫捕食普通大蓟马作用的影响。结果显示，种间干扰显著降低了普通大蓟马的被捕食量。研究结果表明，六斑月瓢虫对普通大蓟马具有较好的防治潜能，但防治效率也会受到其他潜在猎物的干扰。

关键词: 六斑月瓢虫, 普通大蓟马, 功能反应, 捕食选择, 种间干扰

Abstract: The thrips Megalurothrips usitatus is a primary pest of leguminous plants, and the ladybeetle Menochilus sexmaculata is an important natural enemy in agroecosystem in southern China. To explore the predation and biocontrol potential of M. sexmaculata against M. usitatus, the predatory functional response, searching efficiency and predation preference were determined. The results showed that, in a certain range, the predation increased with the increase of prey density, indicating that the functional response of M. sexmaculata to M. usitatus fitted well with Holling Ⅱ and Holling Ⅲ. The predation was higher in adults than in larvae of M. sexmaculata; in the larvae, the predation increased with larval age. The searching efficiency of M. sexmaculata (including both adults and larvae) decreased with the increase of prey density. M. sexmaculata preferred the thrips larvae the most, with selection coefficient above 1, followed by pupae, and lasted by adults, with a selection coefficient below 1. Furthermore, interference of Aphis craccivora on the predation efficiency of M. sexmaculata against M. usitatus was assessed and it was found that the cooccurrence of A. craccivora and M. usitatus lead to a significant decrease of predation on the thrips. The present study shows that the predator M. sexmaculata is a promising natural enemy to control M. usitatus, while its potential may be reduced by the alternative preys existing in the same habitat.

Key words: Menochilus sexmaculata, Megalurothrips usitatus, predatory functional response, prey selection, intra-interference

中图分类号:

S476.2

李盼, 朱津贤, 莫小娜, 林幸明, 刘田振, 李金花, 蔡笃程. 六斑月瓢虫对普通大蓟马的捕食功能反应[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(1): 140-148.

LI Pan, ZHU Jinxian, MO Xiaona, LIN Xingming, LIU Tianzhen, LI Jinhua, CAI Ducheng. The Functional Response of Menochilus sexmaculata to Megalurothrips usitatus[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(1): 140-148.

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