人工饲料添加花粉对异色瓢虫幼虫生长发育的影响

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.11.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高效人工饲料是规模化生产捕食性瓢虫的重要基础，但目前大多数非昆虫源人工饲料的饲养效果较差。植物花粉富含丰富的营养与非营养成分，是捕食性瓢虫在自然条件下的重要替代猎物。但目前鲜有将其作为人工饲料成分的研究报道。本研究在异色瓢虫基础人工饲料（对照）中补充添加三个不同浓度的玉米花粉与玫瑰花粉，以上述饲料饲喂幼虫，旨在评价花粉在改进人工饲料品质中的应用潜力及花粉类型与浓度的影响。结果表明：异色瓢虫幼虫取食花粉添加饲料发育至成虫的存活率（68.33%～83.33%）显著高于取食对照饲料（36.67%），但发育时间与新羽化成虫体质量无明显差异。花粉种类及添加浓度对幼虫生长具有明显影响，以高浓度玫瑰花粉（RS-H）与中浓度玉米花粉（MZ-M）添加饲料的饲养效果最好，发育至成虫的存活率分别高达83.33%与80.00%。本研究结果表明，添加花粉可明显提升人工饲料品质，RS-H与MZ-M在异色瓢虫幼虫室内规模化饲养中具有重要应用潜力。

关键词: 花粉, 异色瓢虫, 人工饲料, 规模化饲养, 存活率

Abstract: Effective artificial diet is important for mass-rearing of predatory ladybird beetles. However, most insect-free artificial diets generally result in inferior rearing efficiency. Plant pollens are rich in nutritive and non-nutritive components and are important alternative diets for the predatory ladybird beetles under natural conditions. Until now, there are scarcely reports that pollen can be applied as a component of artificial diet. In this study, maize pollen and rose pollen were separately supplemented at three concentrations into the basic artificial diet (Control) of Harmonia axyridis, and then used to rear the 1^st instar larvae the predator. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of pollen in improving diet quality and the impact of pollen sources and concentrations. The results showed that, when fed with pollen-added artificial diets, the H. axyridis 1^st instars survived to adults at 68.33%―83.33%, which was significantly higher than that obtained with control diet (36.67%); however the total developmental duration and body weights at adult emergence were not significantly different. Pollen sources and concentrations greatly affected the development of H. axyridis larvae. Feeding on high concentration rose pollen (RS-H) and median concentration maize pollen-amended artificial diets (MZ-M) resulted in the highest survival rates of 1^st instar-to-adult (83.33% and 80.00%, respectively). Our results indicate that supplementation of pollen can greatly improve the diet quality, and RS-H and MZ-M have great potential being used in mass-rearing of H. axyridis larvae.

Key words: pollen, Harmonia axyridis, artificial diet, mass-rearing, survival rate

中图分类号:

S476.2

孙元星, 陈明娟, 李明凌, 秦亚龙, 钟明娟. 人工饲料添加花粉对异色瓢虫幼虫生长发育的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(5): 1058-1065.

SUN Yuanxing, CHEN Mingjuan, LI Mingling, QIN Yalong, ZHONG Mingjuan. Effects of Pollen-added Artificial Diets on the Development of Harmonia axyridis Larvae[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(5): 1058-1065.

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