补充营养对副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂成虫寿命及生殖能力的影响

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.01.007

中国生物防治学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 767-773.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.01.007

补充营养对副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂成虫寿命及生殖能力的影响

张方平^1,3, 朱俊洪², 陈俊谕^1,4, 王建赟¹, 李磊^1,5, 韩冬银^1,4, 叶政培¹, 符悦冠^1,4

1. 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所, 海口 571101;
2. 海南大学环境与植物保护学院, 海口 570228;
3. 海南省热带作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心, 海口 571101;
4. 农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 海口 571101;
5. 海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室, 海口 571101

收稿日期:2022-05-10 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-08-25
通讯作者: 符悦冠, 博士, 研究员, E-mail:fygcatas@163.com
作者简介:张方平，硕士，研究员，E-mail：fangpingz97@163.com。
基金资助:
海南省重点研发项目（ZDYF2023XDNY085）；海南省自然科学基金（321RC623）；国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-33-GW- BC2）；热科院基本业务费项目（1630042017002）

Effects of Supplementary Nutrition on the Longevity and Fecundity of Metaphycus parasaissetiae

ZHANG Fangping^1,3, ZHU Junhong², CHEN Junyu^1,4, WANG Jianyun¹, LI Lei^1,5, HAN Dongyin^1,4, YE Zhengpei¹, FU Yueguan^1,4

1. Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
2. College of Environment and Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
3. Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Haikou 571101, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, Haikou 571101, China;
5. Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou 571101, China

Received:2022-05-10 Online:2023-08-25 Published:2023-08-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂Metaphycus parasaissetiae是橡副珠蜡蚧Parasaissetia nigra成虫的重要内寄生蜂。为了明确补充营养对该蜂寿命及繁殖的影响,本研究观察了补充7种糖源物质时,在有寄主和无寄主条件下该蜂的寿命、卵子发育、产卵量、后代发育历期及出蜂数。结果表明:雌成蜂寿命在不提供寄主时,补充果糖的最长为16.6 d,其余依次为蔗糖、蜂蜜、葡萄糖、松三糖、海藻糖、寄主蜜露,在提供寄主时取食清水的最长,为10.0 d,补充寄主蜜露、松三糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的成蜂寿命均在9.0 d以上;雄成蜂寿命在不提供寄主时,补充果糖的最长为16.0 d,补充其余糖类与空白CK和清水相比均延长了雄蜂寿命。补充营养能明显促进副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂卵巢发育及卵子成熟,提供寄主且补充蜂蜜、蔗糖或不提供寄主补充果糖时,24 h后小蜂成熟卵量均显著高于补充清水个体的成熟卵量。补充20%蔗糖水小蜂的产卵量最高,为43.7粒/雌;其次是果糖(39.0粒/雌)、葡萄糖(37.0粒/雌)、清水(31.8粒/雌)、蜂蜜(31.0粒/雌),空白的产卵量则最少,仅为12.4粒/雌。补充营养对子代的发育、存活和寄生能力等也具有明显影响。综上,副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂的寿命和产卵受成虫期营养的影响明显,可选用浓度为20%的蜂蜜、果糖或蔗糖等作为该蜂扩繁和释放前的补充营养。

关键词: 副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂, 橡副珠蜡蚧, 糖源, 寿命, 繁殖

Abstract: Metaphycus parasaissetiae is an important synovigenic endoparasitoid of adult Parasaissetia nigra. There is little study on the biological characteristics including behavior and habits of M. parasaissetiae adult so far. In this study, the longevity and oviposition of M. parasaissetiae were measured when the insects were supplemented with different sugar sources, with the aim to provide for the propagation and release of the wasp. Seven supplementary nutrients including 20% glucose, fructose, sucrose, trehalose, melezitose, honey, and honeydew of P. nigra were evaluated for their effects on the longevity and fecundity of M. parasaissetiae kept with or without host. The results showed that, in the absence of host, the M. parasaissetiae females fed with the sugars significantly lived longer than those fed with water or those unfed. The M. parasaissetiae females fed with fructose had the longest longevity (16.6 d); the females fed with sucrose, honey, glucose, melezitose, trehalose, and honeydew lived 13.6 d, 10.9 d, 10.6 d, 7.9 d, 7.6 d, and 4.2 d, respectively. In the presence of host, the M. parasaissetiae females fed with water, honeydew of P. nigra, melezitose, glucose, and sucrose remarkably lived longer than the unfed females. The M. parasaissetiae females fed with water had the longest lifetime (10.0 d), followed by those fed with honeydew of P. nigra, melezitose, glucose, and sucrose, with a longevity of over 9.0 d. In the absence of host, the M. parasaissetiae males fed with fructose had the longest longevity (16.0 d), and lived longer when fed with the other sugars than when fed with water and unfed. Adult nutrition significantly promoted the ovarian development and maturation of oocyte of M. parasaissetiae. M. parasaissetiae feeding on honey or sucrose with host presence or feeding on fructose without host presence had more mature ova than those feeding on water in 24 hours. The fecundity of M. parasaissetiae fed with 20% sucrose solution was the highest (43.7 eggs per female), followed by those fed with fructose, glucose, water, and honey, which were 39.0, 37.0, 31.8, and 31.0 eggs per female, respectively. The fecundity of unfed female was the lowest (12.4 eggs per female). Adult nutrition also affected the development and survival and parasitic ability of the progenies of M. parasaissetiae. In conclusion, the longevity and oviposition of M. parasaissetiae are obviously affected by the nutrition in the adult stage. Honey, fructose or sucrose at concentration of 20% are optimal supplementary nutrients for M. parasaissetiae rearing.

Key words: Metaphycus parasaissetiae, Parasaissetia nigra, sugar source, longevity, fecundity

中图分类号:

S476.3

张方平, 朱俊洪, 陈俊谕, 王建赟, 李磊, 韩冬银, 叶政培, 符悦冠. 补充营养对副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂成虫寿命及生殖能力的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(4): 767-773.

ZHANG Fangping, ZHU Junhong, CHEN Junyu, WANG Jianyun, LI Lei, HAN Dongyin, YE Zhengpei, FU Yueguan. Effects of Supplementary Nutrition on the Longevity and Fecundity of Metaphycus parasaissetiae[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(4): 767-773.

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补充营养对副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂成虫寿命及生殖能力的影响

Effects of Supplementary Nutrition on the Longevity and Fecundity of Metaphycus parasaissetiae

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