不同蜂卵比下夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾卵的寄生效能和选择性分析

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.07.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 草地贪夜蛾是近年来入侵我国的重大迁飞性害虫。夜蛾黑卵蜂是夜蛾科害虫的卵寄生蜂，而斜纹夜蛾是其最适寄主之一。本研究以草地贪夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾卵为寄主，开展不同蜂卵比下夜蛾黑卵蜂的寄生效能和寄生偏好性分析。结果显示：蜂卵比从1:10降至1:100时，夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生率和羽化率显著下降，分别从97.58%、76.41%下降至74.50%、33.94%，雌性比从61.74%升高至82.16%；蜂卵比从1:30降至1:140时，夜蛾黑卵蜂对斜纹夜蛾卵的寄生率和羽化率分别从97.67%、79.29%下降至53.11%、24.99%；同一蜂卵比下，草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生率、羽化率显著低于斜纹夜蛾卵；当同时提供两种卵，夜蛾黑卵蜂对斜纹夜蛾24 h寄生卵粒数为136.60粒，显著高于对草地贪夜蛾的寄生卵粒数（100.00粒）。综上所述，不同蜂卵比对夜蛾黑卵蜂在草地贪夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾卵上的寄生效能均有显著影响，夜蛾黑卵蜂单一寄生不同寄主卵时，夜蛾黑卵蜂对斜纹夜蛾具有更高的寄生效能。两种卵共存时，夜蛾黑卵蜂明显偏好斜纹夜蛾卵。以上结果表明，利用夜蛾黑卵蜂防治草地贪夜蛾效果易受其他寄主害虫干扰，寄生效能仍有提升空间。当草地贪夜蛾与其他害虫同时发生时，通过提高释放夜蛾黑卵蜂的蜂卵比或辅以天敌引诱剂，可为提高其对草地贪夜蛾防效提供保障。

关键词: 草地贪夜蛾, 夜蛾黑卵蜂, 斜纹夜蛾, 蜂卵比, 寄生偏好性, 寄生效能

Abstract: The fall army worm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), is a major migratory pest that invaded to China in recent years. A parasitoid Telenomus remus (Nixon) is an egg-parasitoid natural enemy of several insect taxa in the family of Noctuidae, for which the cotton leaf worm (CLW), Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), is one of the most suitable hosts. In this experiment, we used FAW and CLW eggs to analyze the parasitism efficiency under different wasp-egg ratios and compared the parasitism preference of T. remus for the hosts. The results showed that, when the wasp-egg ratios decreased from 1:10 to 1:100, the parasitism and progeny emergence rate on eggs of FAW decreased from 97.58% and 76.41% to 74.50% and 33.94%, respectively, and the female wasp ratio in offspring increased from 61.74% to 82.16%. When the wasp-egg ratios decreased from 1:30 to 1:140, the parasitism and progeny emergence rate on eggs of CLW decreased from 97.67% to 53.11% and 79.29% to 24.99%, respectively. Given the same wasp-egg ratio, the parasitism rate and emergence rate of T. remus on FAW eggs were significantly lower than those of CLW eggs. When offered eggs of the two host species at the same time, the wasps parasitized more CLW eggs (136.6) than FAW eggs (100.0) in 24 h. In conclusion, there is a significant effect of different wasp-egg ratios on the parasitism efficiency of T. remus on either single host, higher on CLW eggs than on FAW eggs. When the eggs of the two host species coexist, T. remus preferred more for CLW eggs. The results indicate that the effectiveness of T. remus to FAW is susceptible to interference from other host species such as CLW, therefore, there is still room improving the parasitism efficiency. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the development and optimization of the artificial release of natural enemies for the control of FAW through increasing the wasp-host egg ratio or aided with the specific attractant.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda, Telenomus remus, Spodoptera litura, wasp-egg ratio, parasitism preference, parasitism efficiency

中图分类号:

S476.3

王慧娟, 程雨蒙, 顾子豪, 蒋骏, 李克斌, 贾栋, 范佳, 陈巨莲. 不同蜂卵比下夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾卵的寄生效能和选择性分析[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(3): 642-649.

WANG Huijuan, CHENG Yumeng, GU zimeng, JIANG Jun, LI Kebin, JIA Dong, FAN Jia, CHEN Julian. Egg Parasitism Efficiency and Selectivity of Telenomus remus against the Spodoptera frugiperda and Spodoptera litura under Different Wasp-egg Ratios[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(3): 642-649.

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