草地贪夜蛾卵寄生蜂——夜蛾黑卵蜂的种内识别及过寄生

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.01.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 夜蛾黑卵蜂是重大入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾的重要卵期寄生蜂。为明确夜蛾黑卵蜂的种内识别及过寄生现象，测定了夜蛾黑卵蜂对被同种自体（同一个体）或异体（不同个体）雌蜂寄生不同时间间隔后的寄主卵的识别能力，并研究了单头和多头雌蜂在不同寄主密度下的过寄生率。结果发现，无论自体或异体寄生识别，夜蛾黑卵蜂的过寄生率均为0。单头雌蜂在不同蜂卵比下寄生24 h后，寄主卵内寄生蜂1龄幼虫的百分比均小于100%，且每粒寄主卵内只有1头1龄幼虫。多头雌蜂在寄主数量充足条件下，当蜂卵比为1:100、2:200、4:400、6:600、8:800时，未被寄生的寄主卵的百分比分别为52.8%、67.2%、63.2%、53.6%和51.2%，含1头寄生蜂1龄幼虫的寄主卵的百分比分别为47.2%、32.8%、36.8%、46.4%和48.8%；多头雌蜂在寄主数量不足条件下，当蜂卵比为2:20、3:21、4:20、7:21、20:20时，夜蛾黑卵蜂的寄生率分别为60.0%、83.0%、95.0%、94.0%和96.0%，过寄生率分别为11.0%、38.0%、64.0%、73.0%和92.0%；单粒寄主卵内寄生蜂1龄幼虫的平均数量分别为0.4、0.6、1.1、1.3和2.1头，最大数量分别为3.0、4.0、5.0、6.0和12.0头。结果表明，夜蛾黑卵蜂具有自体和异体寄生识别能力；单头雌蜂的过寄生率与寄主数量无关；多头雌蜂在寄主数量充足的条件下，不会产生过寄生；但在寄主数量不足的条件下，随着蜂卵比升高，寄生率、过寄生率、单粒草地贪夜蛾卵内寄生蜂1龄幼虫的平均数和最大数均随之增加。蜂卵比为4:20时寄生率高，过寄生率低，内部竞争低，是较为合适的接蜂比例。

关键词:

夜蛾黑卵蜂, 草地贪夜蛾, 种内识别, 过寄生

Abstract:

Telenomus remus (Nixon) is an important egg parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), a major invasive pest. In order to clarify the intraspecific host discrimination and the superparasitism of T. remus, the self-recognition (same individual) and conspecific-recognition (different individual) ability to recognize the hosts eggs parasitized at different time intervals were determined, and the superparasitism rate of single and multi-female T. remus under different host density were also investigated. The results showed no superparasitism in T. remus , either self-recognition or conspecific-recognition. After a single female T. remus parasitizing for 24 h at different parasitoid-egg ratios, the percentage of 1^st instar larvae of T. remus in S. frugiperda eggs was less than 100%, and only one was found in each host egg. With multi-female T. remus and sufficient hosts, and when parasitoid-egg ratios were 1:100, 2:200, 4:400, 6:600 and 8:800, the percentage of unparasitized host eggs were 52.8%, 67.2%, 63.2%, 53.6% and 51.2%, respectively, and the percentage of host eggs with one 1^st instar larva were 47.2%, 32.8%, 36.8%,46.4% and 48.8%, respectively. With multi-female T. remus and insufficient hosts, and when parasitoid-egg ratios were 2:20, 3:21, 4:20, 7:21 and 20:20, the parasitism rates of T. remus were 60.0%, 83.0%, 95.0%, 94.0% and 96.0%, respectively, and the superparasitism rates were 11.0%, 38.0%, 64.0%, 73.0% and 92.0%, respectively, the average number of 1^st instar larva of T. remus in a single host egg were 0.4, 0.6, 1.1, 1.3 and 2.1, respectively, and the maximum number were 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 12.0, respectively. The results show that T. remus has the ability of self and conspecific-recognition, the superparasitism of a single female T. remus does not depend on host density. When the host is sufficient, the superparasitism of multi-female T. remus does not occur, but when the host is insufficient, the parasitism and superparasitism rate, the average and maximum number of 1^st instar larvae in a single host egg increase with the increase of parasitoid-egg ratios. The parasitoid-egg ratio of 4:20 is suitable for propagation of the wasp because it produces high parasitism rate, low superparasitism rate, and low internal competition.

Key words:

Telenomus remus, Spodoptera frugiperda, intraspecific host discrimination, superparasitism

中图分类号:

S476.3

薛陶然, 潘静, 刘丽红, 徐腾, 黄建, 何玉仙, 王竹红. 草地贪夜蛾卵寄生蜂——夜蛾黑卵蜂的种内识别及过寄生 [J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2024, 40(1): 1-.

XUE Taoran, PAN Jing, LIU Lihong, XU Teng, HUANG Jian, HE Yuxian, WANG Zhuhong.

Intraspecific Host Discrimination and Superparasitism in Telenomus remus (Nixon), an Egg Parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) [J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2024, 40(1): 1-.

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草地贪夜蛾卵寄生蜂——夜蛾黑卵蜂的种内识别及过寄生

Intraspecific Host Discrimination and Superparasitism in Telenomus remus (Nixon), an Egg Parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

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